{"id":2079,"date":"2026-04-21T14:51:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T06:51:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/?p=2079"},"modified":"2026-04-21T14:54:23","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T06:54:23","slug":"udp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/2026\/04\/21\/udp\/preluna\/text\/","title":{"rendered":"UDP"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5148\u628a\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u634b\u987a\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4e0d\u662f 80\u30018080<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u5148\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e00\u53e5\u6559\u6750\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f<strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u5185\u90e8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u5730 IPC \u7684\u8303\u7574\uff1b\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e5f<strong>\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e<\/strong>\u201c\u5c31\u662f 80\u30018080\u201d\u3002\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7528\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a 16 \u4f4d\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u8303\u56f4\u662f 0 \u5230 65535\u300280\u30018080 \u53ea\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5c24\u5176 80 \u5e38\u4e0e HTTP \u8054\u7cfb\uff0c8080 \u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a Web \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4f46\u505a\u9898\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u201c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u201d\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u201c80\u30018080 \u8fd9\u7c7b\u5e38\u89c1\u6570\u5b57\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5e38\u7528<strong>\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 53\u300169\u300180\u3001161 \u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u901a\u5e38\u662f<strong>\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u968f\u673a\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5224\u65ad\u201c\u5ba2\u6237\u53d1\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u201d\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u201d\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u662f\u770b<strong>\u54ea\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6807\u8bc6\u53f7\u201d\uff0c80\u30018080 \u53ea\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3001IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3001IP \u5206\u7247\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u662f UDP \u4e0e IP \u7efc\u5408\u9898\u7684\u4e3b\u7ebf\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. UDP \u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5 = <code>UDP\u9996\u90e8 8B + UDP\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u9996\u90e8\u56fa\u5b9a 8B\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a2B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a2B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a2B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\uff1a2B<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d <strong>UDP \u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5<\/strong> \u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f<strong>\u6574\u4e2a UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u957f\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>UDP\u957f\u5ea6 = UDP\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6 + UDP\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6 = 8B + \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u957f\u5ea6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u548c UDP \u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53 UDP \u4ea4\u7ed9 IP \u5c42\u540e\uff0cUDP \u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a <strong>IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>IP\u6570\u636e\u62a5 = IP\u9996\u90e8 + IP\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a <strong>IP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206<\/strong>\uff0c\u6070\u597d\u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>IP\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206 = UDP\u9996\u90e8 8B + UDP\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7efc\u5408\u9898\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u5206\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u5206\u7684\u662f\u8c01<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5206\u7247\u53d1\u751f\u5728 IP \u5c42\uff0c\u5206\u7684\u662f IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u9898\u91cc\u660e\u660e\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u201cUDP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5 8192B\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u7b97\u5206\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u628a\u5b83\u88c5\u8fdb IP\uff0c\u518d\u7528 IP \u7684 MTU \u53bb\u5207\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u53ea\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u7247\u6bb5<\/strong>\u91cc\u4f1a\u5e26\u4e0a UDP \u9996\u90e8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a UDP \u9996\u90e8\u5c31\u5728\u6574\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6700\u524d\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u540e\u7eed\u7247\u6bb5\u53ea\u662f\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u5e26\u5b8c\u6574 UDP \u9996\u90e8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5206\u7247\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u5728 <strong>IP \u5c42\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a<\/strong> \u4e0a\uff0c\u91cd\u7ec4\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u624d\u628a\u5b8c\u6574 UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4ea4\u7ed9 UDP\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\uff1aUDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u7ed9\u51fa\uff1a\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97 UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f97\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>1011 1001 1011 0110<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a 16 \u4f4d\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>0110 0101 1100 0101<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6c42\u6700\u7ec8\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. <code>0001 1111 0111 1011<\/code><br>B. <code>0001 1111 0111 1100<\/code><br>C. <code>1110 0000 1000 0011<\/code><br>D. <code>1110 0000 1000 0100<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u9898\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9009 <strong>C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8003\u7684\u662f <strong>16 \u4f4d\u53cd\u7801\u52a0\u6cd5 + \u6700\u540e\u6309\u4f4d\u53d6\u53cd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u901a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u52a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>16 \u4f4d\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u52a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u82e5\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u4ea7\u751f\u8fdb\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219<strong>\u56de\u5377\u52a0\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u518d<strong>\u6309\u4f4d\u53d6\u53cd<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5206\u6b65\u8ba1\u7b97<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u628a\u4e24\u4e2a 16 \u4f4d\u6570\u76f8\u52a0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>1011 1001 1011 0110<\/code><br><code>0110 0101 1100 0101<\/code><br><code>= 1 0001 1111 0111 1011<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u8fdb\u4f4d <code>1<\/code>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u56de\u5377\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>0001 1111 0111 1011 + 1<\/code><br><code>= 0001 1111 0111 1100<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6309\u4f4d\u53d6\u53cd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>0001 1111 0111 1100<\/code><br>\u53d6\u53cd\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>1110 0000 1000 0011<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C. <code>1110 0000 1000 0011<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u9519<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u9519\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u6210\u666e\u901a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u52a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b97\u5b8c\u5c31\u505c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5904\u7406\u56de\u5377\u8fdb\u4f4d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u505c\u5728 <code>1 0001 1111 0111 1011<\/code> \u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u9519\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u4e86\u56de\u5377\u8fdb\u4f4d\uff0c\u5374\u5fd8\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u8981<strong>\u6309\u4f4d\u53d6\u53cd<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u9519\u9009 B\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u7684\u901f\u5224\u6a21\u677f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u540e\u770b\u5230 UDP\/TCP\/Internet checksum \u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\uff0c\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u8d70\u8fd9\u56db\u6b65\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u5206 16 \u4f4d<br>\u518d\u76f8\u52a0<br>\u6709\u8fdb\u4f4d\u5c31\u56de\u5377<br>\u6700\u540e\u6309\u4f4d\u53d6\u53cd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c\uff1aUDP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a 8192B\uff0c\u7ecf\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u4f20\u9001\uff0c\u8981\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a IP \u7247<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a UDP \u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a 8192B\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u4f20\u9001\u3002\u5047\u5b9a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u65e0\u9009\u9879\u3002\u95ee\u5e94\u5f53\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7247\uff1f\u8bf4\u660e\u6bcf\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7247\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u957f\u5ea6\u548c\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u9898\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e94\u5206\u4e3a <strong>6 \u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7247<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5404\u7247\u7684 <strong>IP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u957f\u5ea6<\/strong>\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u524d 5 \u7247\uff1a1480B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6700\u540e 1 \u7247\uff1a800B<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5404\u7247\u7684 <strong>\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u5b57\u6bb5<\/strong>\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7b2c 1 \u7247\uff1a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 2 \u7247\uff1a185<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 3 \u7247\uff1a370<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 4 \u7247\uff1a555<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 5 \u7247\uff1a740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 6 \u7247\uff1a925<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u5148\u522b\u6025\u7740\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u5148\u5206\u6e05\u201cUDP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u201d\u548c\u201cIP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>UDP \u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5 = 8192B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f UDP \u7684\u201c\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u201d\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5305\u542b UDP \u9996\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6574 UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>8192 + 8 = 8200B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574 UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u8981\u88c5\u5165 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>IP\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206 = 8200B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c8\u56e0\u4e3a IP \u9996\u90e8\u65e0\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 IP \u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 20B\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6309 1480 \u6765\u5207<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e38\u7528 MTU = 1500B\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u6700\u591a 1500B\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6 = IP \u9996\u90e8 + IP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u91cc\uff0cIP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>1500 - 20 = 1480B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c8\u56e0\u4e3a <strong>\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u662f 8B<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9664\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7247\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u7247\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\u5fc5\u987b\u662f 8 \u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1480 \u6070\u597d\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>1480 \u00f7 8 = 185<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b63\u5f0f\u5206\u7247<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u59cb IP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u5171 8200B\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6309\u6bcf\u7247 1480B \u5207\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>8200 = 1480 \u00d7 5 + 800<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u5171 6 \u7247\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5404\u7247 IP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u957f\u5ea6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7b2c 1 \u7247\uff1a1480B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 2 \u7247\uff1a1480B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 3 \u7247\uff1a1480B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 4 \u7247\uff1a1480B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 5 \u7247\uff1a1480B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 6 \u7247\uff1a800B<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u600e\u4e48\u7b97<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u5355\u4f4d\u662f <strong>8B<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u504f\u79fb\u503c\u7b49\u4e8e\u201c\u672c\u7247\u6570\u636e\u8d77\u59cb\u5b57\u8282\u4f4d\u7f6e \u00f7 8\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7b2c 1 \u7247\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a0<br>\u7247\u504f\u79fb = <code>0 \u00f7 8 = 0<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 2 \u7247\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a1480<br>\u7247\u504f\u79fb = <code>1480 \u00f7 8 = 185<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 3 \u7247\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a2960<br>\u7247\u504f\u79fb = <code>2960 \u00f7 8 = 370<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 4 \u7247\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a4440<br>\u7247\u504f\u79fb = <code>4440 \u00f7 8 = 555<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 5 \u7247\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a5920<br>\u7247\u504f\u79fb = <code>5920 \u00f7 8 = 740<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c 6 \u7247\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a7400<br>\u7247\u504f\u79fb = <code>7400 \u00f7 8 = 925<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u987a\u624b\u8865\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u70b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c 1 \u4e2a IP \u5206\u7247\u91cc\u7684 1480B \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>UDP \u9996\u90e8 8B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UDP \u6570\u636e\u524d 1472B<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540e\u9762\u5404\u7247\u5c31\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u5269\u4f59 UDP \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u5e26\u5b8c\u6574 UDP \u9996\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u7efc\u5408\u9898\u559c\u6b22\u6697\u8003\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u9898\u5bb9\u6613\u9519<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u9519\u7684\u70b9\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff 8192 \u53bb\u9664\u4ee5 1500\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u628a IP \u9996\u90e8\u548c UDP \u9996\u90e8\u5168\u5fd8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u51cf 20\uff0c\u5374\u5fd8\u4e86\u9898\u76ee\u7ed9\u7684\u662f UDP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5 8192B\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u6574 UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c11\u52a0\u4e86 UDP \u9996\u90e8 8B\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u586b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6309 <strong>8 \u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d<\/strong> \u586b\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4f1a\u628a 1480\u30012960 \u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u8fdb\u504f\u79fb\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\uff1a\u4e24\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5206\u7247\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u62fc\u8d77\u6765<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u5927\u610f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u88ab IP \u5c42\u5206\u6210 4 \u7247\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u524d\u4e24\u7247\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u540e\u4e24\u7247\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u7ad9\uff1b\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cd\u4f20 UDP\uff0cIP \u5c42\u4ecd\u5206\u4e3a 4 \u7247\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u524d\u4e24\u7247\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u540e\u4e24\u7247\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u95ee\u76ee\u7684\u7ad9\u80fd\u5426\u628a\u4e24\u6b21\u4f20\u8f93\u5f97\u5230\u7684 4 \u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u62fc\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff1f\u5df2\u77e5\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u7684\u540e\u4e24\u7247\u4ecd\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u9898\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8003\u7684\u662f <strong>IP \u5206\u7247\u91cd\u7ec4\u4f9d\u636e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IP \u5206\u7247\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e0d\u662f\u770b\u201c\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u770b\u201c\u504f\u79fb\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u4e0a\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u7247\u662f\u5426\u5c5e\u4e8e<strong>\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u91cd\u7ec4\u65f6\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6765\u5f52\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u534f\u8bae\u53f7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6807\u8bc6\u5b57\u6bb5 Identification<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u5c31\u662f <strong>\u6807\u8bc6\u5b57\u6bb5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u672c\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u62fc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201c\u91cd\u4f20 UDP\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u4ea4\u7ed9 IP \u5c42\u540e\uff0c\u53c8\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6709\u65b0\u7684 <strong>\u6807\u8bc6\u5b57\u6bb5 Identification<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u7684\u540e\u4e24\u7247\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u7247\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u76ee\u7684\u7ad9<strong>\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u5f52\u5165\u540c\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u7ec4<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u4e0d\u80fd<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u9898\u7279\u522b\u5bb9\u6613\u8bef\u5224<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u9898\u76ee\u6545\u610f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u8bf1\u4eba\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u7684\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7247\u4ecd\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4f1a\u60f3\uff0c\u90a3\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6b63\u597d\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c31\u51d1\u9f50\u4e86\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff0cIP \u91cd\u7ec4\u7f13\u5b58\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6309\u504f\u79fb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u968f\u4fbf\u62fc\u56fe\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u539f\u59cb IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u518d\u62fc\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u6279\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u540c IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6df7\u62fc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u53e3\u8bc0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u95ee\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u6279\u6b21\u5206\u7247\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6df7\u5408\u91cd\u7ec4\u201d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5148\u60f3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u770b Identification\uff0c\u4e0d\u770b\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8003\u8bd5\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u4e0d\u80fd<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f8b\u9898\u56db\uff1a\u6839\u636e UDP \u9996\u90e8\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u7ed9\u51fa UDP \u9996\u90e8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>0xF7210045002CE827<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u957f\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8be5 UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u662f\u4ece\u5ba2\u6237\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\uff1f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u9898\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<code>0xF721 = 63265<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<code>0x0045 = 69<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a<code>0x002C = 44B<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UDP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a<code>44 - 8 = 36B<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5ba2\u6237\u53d1\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u662f <strong>TFTP<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5148\u628a UDP \u9996\u90e8\u6309 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u62c6\u5f00<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u9996\u90e8\u56fa\u5b9a 8B\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f 16 \u4e2a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u7ed9\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>F721 0045 002C E827<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6309 UDP \u9996\u90e8\u5206\u6bb5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<code>F721<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<code>0045<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a<code>002C<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\uff1a<code>E827<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9010\u5b57\u6bb5\u89e3\u91ca<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\uff09\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><code>F721<\/code> \u8f6c\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>15\u00d716\u00b3 + 7\u00d716\u00b2 + 2\u00d716 + 1 = 63265<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3 = <strong>63265<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5f88\u50cf\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\uff09\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><code>0045<\/code> \u8f6c\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u662f <strong>69<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c 69 \u662f\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 <strong>TFTP<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\uff09UDP \u603b\u957f\u5ea6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><code>002C<\/code> \u8f6c\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u662f <strong>44<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5\u8868\u793a<strong>\u6574\u4e2a UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u957f\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec 8B \u9996\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\uff09UDP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u957f\u5ea6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><code>44 - 8 = 36B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u957f\u5ea6\u662f <strong>36B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u201c\u5ba2\u6237\u53d1\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u662f <strong>69<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f TFTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u6237\u53d1\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u9898\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3 63265\uff1a\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3 69\uff1a\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u662f <strong>\u5ba2\u6237 -&gt; \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u9519<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u9519\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u628a UDP \u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u957f\u5ea6\u201d\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b83\u662f<strong>\u9996\u90e8 + \u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u7684\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u770b\u89c1 69 \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u77e5\u9053 69 \u662f TFTP\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<strong>\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6e90\u8fd8\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u628a UDP \u4e0e IP \u7684\u7efc\u5408\u9898\u4e32\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u677f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u5f88\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u6846\u67b6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5148\u5224\u5f53\u524d\u95ee\u7684\u662f UDP \u8fd8\u662f IP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u770b\u5230\u9898\u5e72\u91cc\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3001UDP \u957f\u5ea6\u3001UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<br>\u8fd9\u662f <strong>UDP \u5c42\u9898<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u770b\u5230\u9898\u5e72\u91cc\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u6807\u8bc6\u3001DF\u3001MF\u3001\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u3001\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u3001TTL<br>\u8fd9\u662f <strong>IP \u5c42\u9898<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7efc\u5408\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5148\u4ece UDP \u7ed9\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u5165 IP \u5206\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u770b\u5230\u201cUDP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u8865 8B<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cUDP \u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a x B\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u5b8c\u6574 UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u957f\u5ea6\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>x + 8<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u624d\u662f\u8fdb\u5165 IP \u5c42\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a <strong>IP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206<\/strong> \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u770b\u5230 IP \u5206\u7247\uff0c\u5148\u51cf\u53bb IP \u9996\u90e8\u7b97\u53ef\u88c5\u8f7d\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8def\u5c42 MTU \u4e3a 1500B\uff0c\u800c IP \u9996\u90e8\u65e0\u9009\u9879\u4e3a 20B\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e2a IP \u5206\u7247\u6700\u5927\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>1500 - 20 = 1480B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u518d\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3 8 \u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0d\u662f\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u662f 8B<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u70b9\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u673a\u68b0\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\u7247\u504f\u79fb = \u672c\u7247\u6570\u636e\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e \u00f7 8<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u8d77\u59cb\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65\uff1a\u91cd\u7ec4\u770b Identification\uff0c\u4e0d\u770b\u201c\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u62fc\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u9898\u76ee\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u53c8\u6536\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u91cd\u7ec4\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u60f3 IP \u91cd\u7ec4\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u7ed3\u8bba\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u539f\u59cb IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u5206\u7247\u4e0d\u80fd\u6df7\u62fc\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6700\u540e\u628a\u8fd9\u7ec4\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u6d53\u7f29\u6210\u4e00\u6bb5\u590d\u4e60\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c80\u30018080 \u53ea\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7aef\u53e3\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u3002UDP \u9996\u90e8\u56fa\u5b9a 8B\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5\u8868\u793a\u6574\u4e2a UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9898\u76ee\u82e5\u7ed9\u7684\u662f UDP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u505a\u9898\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u52a0\u4e0a 8B\u3002UDP \u4ea4\u7ed9 IP \u5c42\u540e\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u82e5\u94fe\u8def\u5c42 MTU \u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u5219\u7531 IP \u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u5206\u7684\u662f IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u800c\u4e0d\u662f UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3002\u5206\u7247\u65f6\u524d\u9762\u5404\u7247\u7684\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 MTU \u51cf\u53bb IP \u9996\u90e8\u540e\u7684\u6700\u5927 8B \u6574\u6570\u500d\uff0c\u7247\u504f\u79fb\u5b57\u6bb5\u6309 8B \u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u586b\u5199\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u91cd\u7ec4 IP \u5206\u7247\u65f6\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u662f\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u53f7\u548c\u6807\u8bc6\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\u6279\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e0d\u540c IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5206\u7247\u4e0d\u80fd\u6df7\u5408\u7ec4\u88c5\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e UDP \u9996\u90e8\u5206\u6790\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3\u5224\u65ad\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u719f\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u8fd8\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u518d\u8865\u51e0\u9053 UDP \u4e0e IP \u7684\u7efc\u5408\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6570\u636e\u9010\u5c42\u5c01\u88c5\u65f6\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6570\u636e 200B\uff0cUDP + IP\uff08\u6700\u5927\u9996\u90e8\uff09+ \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u662f\u591a\u5c11<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u67d0\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 200B\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528 UDP\uff0c\u7f51\u9645\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528 IP\uff08\u91c7\u7528\u6700\u5927\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\uff08\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u548c VLAN\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u662f\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u9898\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>200 \/ 286 \u2248 69.93%<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5199\u767e\u5206\u6570\uff0c\u7ea6\u4e3a <strong>69.9%<\/strong> \u6216 <strong>70%<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8003\u7684\u662f<strong>\u9010\u5c42\u5c01\u88c5\u5f00\u9500<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4ea4\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u662f 200B \u7684\u7eaf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5f80\u4e0b\u5c01\u88c5\u65f6\u5404\u5c42\u4f1a\u52a0\u9996\u90e8\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5728\u94fe\u8def\u4e0a\u4f20\u9001\u7684\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 MAC \u5e27\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5206\u6b65\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\uff09UDP \u589e\u52a0\u591a\u5c11<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u9996\u90e8\u56fa\u5b9a 8B\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>UDP\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u957f\u5ea6 = 200 + 8 = 208B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\uff09IP \u589e\u52a0\u591a\u5c11<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4\u201cIP \u91c7\u7528\u6700\u5927\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IPv4 \u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5 IHL \u6700\u5927\u53ef\u53d6 15\uff0c\u800c\u5355\u4f4d\u662f 4B\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\u6700\u5927IP\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6 = 15 \u00d7 4 = 60B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>208 + 60 = 268B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\uff09\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u589e\u52a0\u591a\u5c11<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4\u201c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u548c VLAN\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u5c31\u53ea\u7b97\u666e\u901a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 MAC \u5e27\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u76ee\u7684 MAC\uff1a6B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6e90 MAC\uff1a6B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1a2B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FCS\uff1a4B<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5171\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>14 + 4 = 18B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u94fe\u8def\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9645\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u603b\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>268 + 18 = 286B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u8ba1\u7b97<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6709\u6548\u6570\u636e\u662f 200B\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4f20\u8f93\u603b\u91cf\u662f 286B\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387 = 200 \/ 286 \u2248 0.6993<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7ea6 69.93%<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u9898\u5bb9\u6613\u9519<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5fd8\u4e86 IP \u6700\u5927\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f 20B\uff0c\u800c\u662f <strong>60B<\/strong>\u3002\u9898\u76ee\u4e13\u95e8\u5199\u201c\u91c7\u7528\u6700\u5927\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6545\u610f\u5361\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u7b97\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u65f6\u53ea\u7b97 14B\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b97 FCS 4B\u3002\u4f46\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u548c VLAN\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\u4e0d\u7b97 FCS\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 FCS \u8981\u7b97\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u62c5\u5fc3\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8865\u9f50\u6700\u5c0f\u5e27\u957f\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u627f\u8f7d\u7684\u662f IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u5171 268B\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e 46B\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c\uff1a\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc IP \u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u5b9a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684 IP \u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651 NAT\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528 UDP \u8fdb\u884c\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 MAC \u5e27\u8fdb\u884c\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u5219\u4e0b\u5217\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. UDP \u603b\u957f\u5ea6<br>II. UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<br>III. FCS \u5e27\u68c0\u9a8c\u5e8f\u5217<br>IV. \u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740<br>V. \u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740<br>VI. IP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u9898\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u5b9a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>I\u3001II\u3001V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>UDP \u603b\u957f\u5ea6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8003\u7684\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u9010\u8df3\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9010\u9879\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I. UDP \u603b\u957f\u5ea6 \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u53d8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u8868\u793a\u6574\u4e2a UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f UDP \u5c42\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u6ca1\u6709 NAT \u6216\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u6587\uff0cUDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c31\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>I \u4e0d\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">II. UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u53d8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u6839\u636e UDP \u9996\u90e8\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f2a\u9996\u90e8\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u4e2d\u9014\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6b63\u5e38\u8f6c\u53d1\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53bb\u4fee\u6539 UDP \u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684 IP\uff08\u9898\u76ee\u660e\u786e\u201c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651 NAT\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>II \u4e0d\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">III. FCS \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>FCS \u662f\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9<strong>\u5f53\u524d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8df3<\/strong>\u7684 MAC \u5e27\u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u4f1a\u88ab\u62c6\u6389\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u65b0\u7684 MAC \u5e27\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 FCS \u6bcf\u4e00\u8df3\u90fd\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>III \u4e0d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IV. \u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740 \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>MAC \u5730\u5740\u662f<strong>\u9010\u8df3<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4ece\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u5f80\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u4e2d\u9014\u53ea\u8981\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0cMAC \u5e27\u6bcf\u4e00\u8df3\u90fd\u8981\u91cd\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u63a5\u53e3\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u201d\uff0c\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>IV \u4e0d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V. \u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740 \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u53d8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4\u4e86\u201c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651 NAT\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e2d\u9014\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ea\u770b\u5b83\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>V \u4e0d\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VI. IP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c \u2014\u2014 \u4f1a\u53d8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>IPv4 \u9996\u90e8\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u53ea\u6821\u9a8c IPv4 \u9996\u90e8\u3002\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6bcf\u8f6c\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\u90fd\u4f1a\u628a TTL \u51cf 1\uff0c\u800c TTL \u5728\u9996\u90e8\u91cc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 IP \u9996\u90e8\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u9996\u90e8\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>VI \u4e0d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u5730\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4f1a\u628a UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u548c IP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u4e00\u8d77\u8bb0\u6df7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u5206\u6e05\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<\/strong>\uff1a\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u4e2d\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0d\u6539<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>IP \u9996\u90e8\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<\/strong>\uff1a\u9010\u8df3\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a TTL \u6bcf\u8df3\u51cf 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u522b\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\uff1aUDP \u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u7528\u65f6\u4f9d\u636e\u54ea\u4e2a\u9996\u90e8\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1aUDP \u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u7528\u65f6\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u9996\u90e8\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<br>B. \u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<br>C. \u957f\u5ea6<br>D. \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u9898\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9009 <strong>B. \u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u5206\u7528\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u540e\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u5b83\u4ea4\u7ed9\u672c\u673a\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u672c\u673a\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u5728\u7b49\u5f85 UDP \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 UDP \u5c42\u5fc5\u987b\u6839\u636e<strong>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/strong>\uff0c\u628a\u62a5\u6587\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5206\u7528\u4f9d\u636e\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u56de\u590d\u65f6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5bf9\u65b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u672c\u673a\u5206\u53d1\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u7ed3\u8bba\u975e\u5e38\u56fa\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u590d\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u7528\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5206\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u6839\u636e<strong>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/strong>\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7ed9\u5bf9\u5e94\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f8b\u9898\u56db\uff1aNAT \u8f6c\u53d1 UDP \u62a5\u6587\u65f6\uff0cUDP \u9996\u90e8\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0 NAT \u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a H \u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e3a 192.168.1.5\/24\u3002\u82e5 H \u8fd0\u884c\u67d0\u5e94\u7528\u5411 Internet \u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a UDP \u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u5219\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u5c01\u88c5\u8be5 UDP \u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u7684 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cUDP \u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u7684\u9996\u90e8\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<br>II. \u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<br>III. \u603b\u957f\u5ea6<br>IV. \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5148\u7ed9\u8003\u7814\u505a\u9898\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6309\u8003\u7814\u5e38\u89c1\u547d\u9898\u53e3\u5f84\uff0c\u8fd9\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u9009\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>I\u3001IV<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bb6\u7528\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u5e38\u89c1 NAT \u573a\u666f\u91cc\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u6539 IP\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u505a <strong>NAPT\/PAT<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u5730\u5740 + \u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u6362\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u8981\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51 IP\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8def\u7531\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u628a\u6e90 IP \u6539\u6210\u516c\u7f51 IP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u628a\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u6539\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6620\u5c04\u540e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I. \u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7 \u2014\u2014 \u4f1a\u6539<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0cNAT \u5e38\u4f1a\u6539\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>I \u4f1a\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">II. \u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7 \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u6539<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u8868\u793a\u8fdc\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 DNS \u7684 53\u3001TFTP \u7684 69 \u7b49\u3002\u8f6c\u53d1\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>II \u4e0d\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">III. \u603b\u957f\u5ea6 \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u6539<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u505a NAT \u65f6\uff0cUDP \u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\uff0c\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u6ca1\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>III \u4e0d\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IV. \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c \u2014\u2014 \u4f1a\u6539<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u8981\u7528\u5230\u4f2a\u9996\u90e8\uff0c\u4f2a\u9996\u90e8\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6e90 IP\u3001\u76ee\u7684 IP\u3002NAT \u6539\u4e86\u6e90 IP \u540e\uff0c\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u5982\u679c\u8fde\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u4e5f\u6539\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u66f4\u8981\u91cd\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 <strong>IV \u4f1a\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u8865\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e25\u683c\u8bf4\u6cd5\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u89d2\u5ea6\u533a\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u57fa\u672c NAT\uff08\u53ea\u6539 IP\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aUDP \u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u672a\u5fc5\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u91cd\u7b97<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NAPT\/PAT\uff08\u5730\u5740+\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u6362\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aUDP \u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6539<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u5728 408 \u98ce\u683c\u548c\u56fd\u5185\u8003\u7814\u9898\u91cc\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u4e00\u8bf4\u201c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0 NAT \u529f\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u662f\u5bb6\u7528\u8def\u7531\u5668\u90a3\u79cd\u201c\u5730\u5740+\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u6362\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u901a\u5e38\u6309 <strong>I\u3001IV<\/strong> \u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5bb9\u6613\u5361\u4eba\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6309\u8003\u8bd5\u8868\u8fbe\u8bb0\u4f4f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u987a\u624b\u628a\u4e00\u7c7b\u9ad8\u9891\u8003\u70b9\u8bb2\u900f\uff1a\u5404\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u5c01\u88c5\u5230\u5e95\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u591a\u5c11\u5b57\u8282<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7efc\u5408\u9898\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u5355\u72ec\u80cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. UDP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u9996\u90e8\u56fa\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>8B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3 2B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3 2B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u957f\u5ea6 2B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c 2B<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>UDP\u603b\u957f\u5ea6 = \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6 + 8B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. TCP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>TCP \u9996\u90e8\u6700\u5c0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>20B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u5927\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>60B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a TCP \u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e5f\u662f\u6309 4B \u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u5230 60B\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u9879\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u6309 <strong>20B<\/strong> \u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>TCP\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u957f\u5ea6 = \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6 + TCP\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. IPv4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>IPv4 \u9996\u90e8\u6700\u5c0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>20B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u5927\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>60B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e0\u9009\u9879\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u6309 <strong>20B<\/strong> \u7b97\uff1b\u9898\u76ee\u5982\u679c\u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u201c\u6700\u5927\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u6309 <strong>60B<\/strong> \u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>IP\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6 = \u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u62a5\u6587\u957f\u5ea6 + IP\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 MAC \u5e27<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8003\u8651 VLAN \u548c\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 MAC \u5e27\u56fa\u5b9a\u589e\u52a0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u76ee\u7684 MAC\uff1a6B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6e90 MAC\uff1a6B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a2B<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FCS\uff1a4B<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5408\u8ba1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>18B<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u8003\u8651 VLAN\uff0c\u5219\u518d\u52a0 4B\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u8003\u8651\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u548c\u5e27\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9a\u754c\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u518d\u52a0 8B\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u8003\u8651\u5e27\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 IFG\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u53d1\u9001\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u7b97\u5728\u5e27\u957f\u5ea6\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u5f20\u6700\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u589e\u91cf\u957f\u5ea6\u8868<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u5c42\u6b21<\/th><th>\u534f\u8bae<\/th><th>\u5178\u578b\u589e\u52a0\u957f\u5ea6<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42<\/td><td>UDP<\/td><td>8B<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42<\/td><td>TCP<\/td><td>20B\uff08\u65e0\u9009\u9879\uff09\u5230 60B<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42<\/td><td>IPv4<\/td><td>20B\uff08\u65e0\u9009\u9879\uff09\u5230 60B<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42<\/td><td>IPv6<\/td><td>40B<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42<\/td><td>\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 MAC \u5e27<\/td><td>18B\uff0814B\u9996\u90e8 + 4B FCS\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42<\/td><td>VLAN \u6807\u7b7e<\/td><td>\u989d\u5916 4B<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u524d\u5bfc<\/td><td>\u524d\u5bfc\u7801 + SFD<\/td><td>8B\uff08\u82e5\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u7b97\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u505a\u7efc\u5408\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u9898\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u201c\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e + UDP + IPv4 + \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u5957\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\u603b\u4f20\u8f93\u957f\u5ea6 = \u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6 + UDP\u9996\u90e8 + IP\u9996\u90e8 + \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5f00\u9500<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u3001\u4e0d\u8003\u8651 VLAN\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 IPv4 \u65e0\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\u603b\u957f\u5ea6 = \u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e + 8 + 20 + 18<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c IP \u53d6\u6700\u5927\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u6539\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\u603b\u957f\u5ea6 = \u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e + 8 + 60 + 18<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u628a\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u518d\u6d53\u7f29\u6210\u8003\u8bd5\u901f\u8bb0\u7248<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u9996\u90e8\u56fa\u5b9a 8B\uff0cTCP \u9996\u90e8\u901a\u5e38\u6309 20B \u7b97\uff0cIPv4 \u9996\u90e8\u901a\u5e38\u6309 20B \u7b97\u3001\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u5230 60B\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 MAC \u5e27\u5728\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u548c VLAN \u65f6\u589e\u52a0 18B\u3002\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u8f6c\u53d1\u65f6\uff0cMAC \u5730\u5740\u548c FCS \u662f\u9010\u8df3\u53d8\u5316\u7684\uff0cTTL \u6bcf\u8df3\u51cf 1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 IPv4 \u9996\u90e8\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u4e0d\u8003\u8651 NAT \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6e90 IP\u3001\u76ee\u7684 IP\u3001UDP \u957f\u5ea6\u3001UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u7b49\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u5b57\u6bb5\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u82e5\u7ecf\u8fc7 NAT\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u548c UDP \u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u4f1a\u6539\u3002UDP \u5206\u7528\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5148\u628a\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u634b\u987a\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4e0d\u662f 80\u30018080 \u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u5148\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e00\u53e5\u6559\u6750\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-text"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2079"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2080,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079\/revisions\/2080"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}