{"id":1941,"date":"2026-04-16T18:01:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T10:01:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/?p=1941"},"modified":"2026-04-16T19:45:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T11:45:16","slug":"ip%e5%88%86%e7%bb%84%e4%b8%8earp%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/2026\/04\/16\/ip%e5%88%86%e7%bb%84%e4%b8%8earp%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90\/preluna\/text\/","title":{"rendered":"IP\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0eARP\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IP\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0eARP\u89e3\u6790-768x1024.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IP\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0eARP\u89e3\u6790-768x1024.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1942\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9 4 \u9053\u9898\u5176\u5b9e\u4e32\u5f97\u5f88\u7d27\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u90fd\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u6761\u4e3b\u7ebf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u518d\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u627e\u8c01\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\uff1b<br>ARP \u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u3001ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5728\u4e8c\u5c42\u8bbe\u5907\u91cc\u600e\u4e48\u4f20\u64ad\uff1b<br>\u6700\u540e\u518d\u533a\u5206\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u534f\u8bae\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u628a\u7b54\u6848\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u51fa\u6765\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>43 \u9898\u9009 <strong>B<\/strong><br>44 \u9898\u9009 <strong>C<\/strong><br>45 \u9898\u9009 <strong>B<\/strong><br>46 \u9898\u9009 <strong>C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6309\u9898\u76ee\u9010\u4e2a\u62c6\u5f00\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">43 \u9898\u600e\u4e48\u505a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u5927\u610f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7532\uff1a211.71.136.23<br>\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff1a255.255.240.0<br>\u7f51\u5173\uff1a211.71.136.1<br>\u4e59\uff1a211.71.130.25<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u95ee\u7532\u7ed9\u4e59\u53d1 IP \u5206\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c01\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u662f <strong>B\uff1a\u8be5\u5206\u7ec4\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u5e27\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u4e59\uff0c\u5e27\u4e2d\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u4e59\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u8003\u7684\u662f\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8003\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u53d1\u9001 IP \u5206\u7ec4\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5426\u5904\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\u3002<\/strong><br>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u7ed9\u5bf9\u65b9\uff0c\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5199\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684 MAC\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u5c31\u4ea4\u7ed9\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5199\u7f51\u5173\u7684 MAC\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5173\u952e\u5224\u65ad\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u662f <code>255.255.240.0<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>\/20<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u770b\u524d 20 \u4f4d\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002<br>\u7b49\u4ef7\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u770b\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6309 <code>240<\/code> \u505a\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7532\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b57\u8282\u662f 136<br><code>136 AND 240 = 128<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e59\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b57\u8282\u662f 130<br><code>130 AND 240 = 128<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u4e24\u8005\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e <code>211.71.128.0\/20<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e <strong>\u7532\u548c\u4e59\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u7532\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7f51\u5173\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u800c\u662f <strong>\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7ed9\u4e59<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u5e94\u8be5\u662f <strong>\u4e59\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f51\u5173\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u9519<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u9519\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5751\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u4e00\u770b\u5230\u201c\u7ed9\u4e86\u7f51\u5173\u5730\u5740\u201d\u5c31\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u9009\u7f51\u5173\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/strong><br>\u8fd9\u662f\u547d\u9898\u8001\u5e08\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7f51\u5173\u5730\u5740\u7ed9\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u5b9a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173\u3002<br>\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u53ea\u770b <strong>\u76ee\u7684 IP \u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u672c\u673a\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5751\u662f\uff1a<strong>IP \u5730\u5740\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5dee\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5c31\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002<\/strong><br>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u91cc\u63a9\u7801\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u662f <code>\/20<\/code>\uff0c\u8303\u56f4\u6bd4\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u76f4\u89c9\u91cc\u8981\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u540c\u7c7b\u9898\u5feb\u901f\u505a\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u4e00\u5f8b\u6309\u8fd9\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7528\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u5206\u522b\u6c42\u6e90 IP \u548c\u76ee\u7684 IP \u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u82e5\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff0c\u76ee\u7684 MAC = \u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a MAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u82e5\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u4ea4\u7ed9\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u76ee\u7684 MAC = \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173 MAC<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">44 \u9898\u600e\u4e48\u505a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u95ee\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9700\u8981\u542f\u52a8 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u662f <strong>C\uff1a\u4e3b\u673a\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46 ARP \u8868\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0e MAC \u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u8003\u7684\u662f <strong>ARP \u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARP \u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5df2\u77e5\u5bf9\u65b9\uff08\u6216\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\uff09\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u5176 MAC \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cARP \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u201d\u800c\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u63a5\u6536\u8fdb\u6765\u201d\u800c\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009 C<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u673a\u8981\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u5fc5\u987b\u5c01\u88c5\u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c ARP \u8868\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 IP \u2192 MAC \u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5148\u53d1 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u9009 C\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879\u4e0d\u5bf9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u3001B \u90fd\u662f\u201c\u4e3b\u673a\u9700\u8981\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\u3002<br>\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u5e27\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u672c\u673a\u7f51\u5361\u4e86\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u63a5\u6536\u201d\u518d\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D \u8bf4 ARP \u8868\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u76ee\u7684 IP \u4e0e MAC \u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<br>\u65e2\u7136\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u6620\u5c04\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u5e27\u5c31\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d ARP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u70b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u201c\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0e MAC \u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\uff0c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u8bb2\uff0c\u5728\u8de8\u7f51\u6bb5\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0cARP \u67e5\u627e\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 MAC\uff0c\u800c\u662f <strong>\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3<\/strong> \u7684 MAC\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u7684 MAC\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u8003\u7814\u9009\u62e9\u9898\u91cc\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u7b80\u5316\u6210\u201c\u53d1\u9001\u524d\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94 IP \u5230 MAC \u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5c31\u8981 ARP\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">45 \u9898\u600e\u4e48\u505a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u662f\u8fd9\u7ec4\u91cc\u6700\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u9053\uff0c\u8003\u5f97\u5f88\u7efc\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u7ed9\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<strong>\u9009 B<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a B \u9519\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9898\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u5148\u7406\u6e05<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u91cc\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H1\uff1a192.168.3.2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H2\uff1a192.168.3.3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H3\uff1a192.168.3.251<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H4\uff1a192.168.3.252<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5de6\u8fb9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53f3\u8fb9\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u7ebf\u5668 Hub<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\uff1a192.168.3.254<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H1\u3001H2 \u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff1a<code>255.255.255.0<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>\/24<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H3\u3001H4 \u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff1a<code>255.255.255.128<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>\/25<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H3\u3001H4 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff1a<code>192.168.3.254<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u521d\u59cb ARP \u7f13\u5b58\u5168\u7a7a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u95ee\u201c\u4e0b\u5217\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e2d\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u662f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5148\u6293\u4f4f\u8fd9\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u77db\u76fe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6545\u610f\u628a\u56db\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u653e\u5728 <strong>\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5c42\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df<\/strong> \u91cc\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u5b83\u4eec\u914d\u4e86 <strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4ece\u4e8c\u5c42\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ece\u4e09\u5c42\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u5bf9\u201c\u8c01\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u201d\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5148\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u7f51\u7edc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H1\u3001H2 \u7684\u89c6\u89d2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a9\u7801 <code>\/24<\/code>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a <code>192.168.3.0\/24<\/code> \u90fd\u662f\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H1 \u8ba4\u4e3a H2\u3001H3\u3001H4 \u90fd\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H2 \u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cH1 \u7ed9 H3 \u53d1\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c<strong>\u4e0d\u4f1a\u627e\u7f51\u5173<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5 ARP \u95ee H3 \u7684 MAC\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H3\u3001H4 \u7684\u89c6\u89d2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a9\u7801 <code>\/25<\/code>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u662f <code>192.168.3.128\/25<\/code>\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u8303\u56f4\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>192.168.3.129 ~ 192.168.3.254<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H3\u3001H4 \u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f7c\u6b64\u662f\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f46 H3\u3001H4 \u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a H1\u3001H2\uff08192.168.3.2\u3001192.168.3.3\uff09<strong>\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u6bb5<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 H3 \u7ed9 H1 \u53d1\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u627e H1\uff0c\u800c\u4f1a\u627e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173 <code>192.168.3.254<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9010\u9879\u5224\u65ad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. \u82e5 H1 \u5411 H3 \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5219 H2\u3001H3\u3001H4 \u90fd\u80fd\u6536\u5230 H1 \u53d1\u6765\u7684 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5 <strong>\u5bf9<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a H1 \u8ba4\u4e3a H3 \u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u5c5e <code>\/24<\/code> \u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 H1 \u4f1a\u53d1 ARP \u5e7f\u64ad\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u8c01\u662f 192.168.3.251\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u662f <strong>\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4f1a\u5411\u9664\u5165\u7aef\u53e3\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\u6cdb\u6d2a\uff1b<br>Hub \u6536\u5230\u540e\u53c8\u4f1a\u5411\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H2 \u80fd\u6536\u5230<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hub \u6bb5\u4e0a\u7684 H3\u3001H4 \u4e5f\u90fd\u80fd\u6536\u5230<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A \u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. \u82e5 H3 \u5411 H1 \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5219 H3 \u80fd\u6536\u5230 H1 \u53d1\u6765\u7684 ARP \u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5 <strong>\u9519<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u9898\u9009 <strong>B<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u5173\u952e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H3 \u7684\u63a9\u7801\u662f <code>\/25<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba4\u4e3a H1\uff08192.168.3.2\uff09\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002<br>\u6240\u4ee5 H3 \u8981\u7ed9 H1 \u53d1\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a ARP \u67e5\u8be2 H1 \u7684 MAC\uff0c<br>\u800c\u662f\u4f1a ARP \u67e5\u8be2 <strong>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173 192.168.3.254<\/strong> \u7684 MAC\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u540e\u7eed\u4f1a\u7ed9 H3 \u56de\u590d ARP \u7684\uff0c\u662f <strong>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u63a5\u53e3 192.168.3.254<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f H1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cH3 \u4e0d\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u201cH1 \u53d1\u6765\u7684 ARP \u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B \u9519\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C. \u82e5 H1 \u5411 H2 \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5219 H2\u3001H3\u3001H4 \u90fd\u80fd\u6536\u5230 H1 \u53d1\u6765\u7684 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5 <strong>\u5bf9<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H1 \u4e0e H2 \u663e\u7136\u540c\u5c5e <code>\/24<\/code> \u7f51\u7edc\uff0cH1 \u4f1a\u5e7f\u64ad ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u627e H2 \u7684 MAC\u3002<br>\u5e7f\u64ad\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5c42\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 H2\u3001H3\u3001H4 \u90fd\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4f1a\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a H3\u3001H4 \u7531\u4e8e\u63a9\u7801\u4e0d\u540c\u5c31\u6536\u4e0d\u5230\u3002<br>\u8fd9\u662f\u628a\u4e8c\u5c42\u548c\u4e09\u5c42\u6df7\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\uff0c\u662f\u4e8c\u5c42\u95ee\u9898\uff1b<\/strong><br><strong>\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8c01\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u4e09\u5c42\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H3\u3001H4 \u867d\u7136\u8ba4\u4e3a H1 \u4e0d\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u5904\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5c42\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df\u91cc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u6536\u5230 ARP \u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C \u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D. \u82e5 H3 \u5411 H4 \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5219 H3 \u80fd\u6536\u5230 H4 \u53d1\u6765\u7684 ARP \u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5 <strong>\u5bf9<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H3 \u548c H4 \u90fd\u5728 <code>\/25<\/code> \u7f51\u6bb5 <code>192.168.3.128\/25<\/code> \u5185\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 H3 \u7ed9 H4 \u53d1\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4f1a\u5148 ARP \u67e5\u8be2 H4 \u7684 MAC\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H4 \u7684 ARP \u54cd\u5e94\u867d\u7136\u662f <strong>\u5355\u64ad\u5e27<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f H3 \u548c H4 \u90fd\u6302\u5728 <strong>Hub<\/strong> \u4e0a\u3002<br>Hub \u4e0d\u8bc6\u522b MAC\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u6536\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 H3 \u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D \u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u8003\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u81f3\u5c11\u540c\u65f6\u8003\u4e86 4 \u4e2a\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u51b3\u5b9a\u201c\u662f\u5426\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u201d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H1\/H2 \u8ba4\u4e3a H3\/H4 \u672c\u5730\u53ef\u8fbe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H3\/H4 \u8ba4\u4e3a H1\/H2 \u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u7f51\u5173<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u63a9\u7801\u4e0d\u540c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5e7f\u64ad<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u662f\u5168 1 \u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002<br>\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u8981\u8fd8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5c42\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df\u91cc\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. ARP \u54cd\u5e94\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5355\u64ad<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>ARP \u54cd\u5e94\u4e00\u822c\u53d1\u7ed9\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u7684 MAC\u3002<br>\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ecf\u8fc7 Hub\uff0cHub \u4f1a\u628a\u6536\u5230\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u540c Hub \u6bb5\u4e0a\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u201c\u770b\u5230\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e27\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u548c\u96c6\u7ebf\u5668\u5bf9\u5e27\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u6cdb\u6d2a\uff0c\u5355\u64ad\u5e27\u6309 MAC \u8868\u5b9a\u5411\u8f6c\u53d1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u96c6\u7ebf\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u8bc6\u522b MAC\uff0c\u6765\u4ec0\u4e48\u8f6c\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u5171\u4eab\u51b2\u7a81\u57df<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u9519\u5728\u54ea\u91cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bef\u533a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bef\u533a\u662f\uff1a<br><strong>\u53ea\u770b IP \u5730\u5740\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c31\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/strong><br>\u5176\u5b9e\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u770b\u5404\u81ea\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u201c\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u6bb5\u5224\u65ad\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8bef\u533a\u662f\uff1a<br><strong>\u628a\u201c\u80fd\u6536\u5230 ARP \u5e7f\u64ad\u201d\u8bef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u201d\u3002<\/strong><br>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u662f\u4e8c\u5c42\u62d3\u6251\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8c01\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u4e09\u5c42\u63a9\u7801\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">46 \u9898\u600e\u4e48\u505a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u95ee\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u662f <strong>C\uff1aDHCP<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u9898\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u5c5e\u4e8e\u534f\u8bae\u529f\u80fd\u8fa8\u6790\u9898\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u9009\u9879\u5c31\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ARP\uff1a\u5df2\u77e5 IP \u6c42 MAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RARP\uff1a\u5df2\u77e5 MAC \u6c42 IP\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5df2\u57fa\u672c\u88ab DHCP \u53d6\u4ee3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d IP \u5730\u5740\u3001\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u3001DNS \u7b49\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NAT\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed9\u4e3b\u673a\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d IP \u7684\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u9009 DHCP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 RARP \u4e0d\u9009<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u9898\u6545\u610f\u628a RARP \u653e\u8fdb\u6765\u8ff7\u60d1\u3002<br>RARP \u7684\u5386\u53f2\u529f\u80fd\u786e\u5b9e\u548c\u201c\u7ed9\u4e3b\u673a\u627e IP \u5730\u5740\u201d\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u771f\u6b63\u627f\u62c5\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5740\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u662f <strong>DHCP<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u8003\u7814\u9898\u95ee\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e IP \u5730\u5740\u201d\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u5c31\u662f DHCP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9 4 \u9898\u6574\u4f53\u8003\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u628a 43\uff5e46 \u9898\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8003\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u91cc\u201c\u5c40\u57df\u7f51 + IP + ARP + \u7f51\u5173\u201d\u8fd9\u6761\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\uff1a\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u5224\u65ad\u4e0e\u8f6c\u53d1\u5bf9\u8c61\u5224\u65ad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f 43 \u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u7efc\u5408\u9898\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u53d1 IP \u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c31\u5148\u95ee\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u76ee\u7684 IP \u548c\u672c\u673a\u662f\u5426\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u82e5\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u627e\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a MAC\uff1b\u82e5\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u627e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173 MAC<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u505a\u9898\u4e3b\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\uff1aARP \u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f 44 \u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARP \u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u63a5\u6536\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u53d1\u9001\u524d\u5c01\u88c5\u5e27\u201d\u3002<br>\u53d1\u9001\u524d\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u6216\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 MAC\uff0c\u5c31\u8981 ARP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1aARP \u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94\u5728\u4e8c\u5c42\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u64ad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f 45 \u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a\u5e7f\u64ad<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ARP \u54cd\u5e94\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u5355\u64ad<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff1a\u5e7f\u64ad\u6cdb\u6d2a\uff0c\u5355\u64ad\u6309\u8868\u8f6c\u53d1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hub\uff1a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5e7f\u64ad\u5355\u64ad\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u7c7b\uff1a\u534f\u8bae\u529f\u80fd\u8fa8\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f 46 \u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c24\u5176\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ARP\uff1aIP \u2192 MAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RARP\uff1aMAC \u2192 IP\uff08\u65e7\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d IP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NAT\uff1a\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u7ec4\u9898\u7684\u505a\u9898\u65b9\u6cd5\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u540e\u78b0\u5230\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6309\u8fd9\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u5c31\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5148\u5206\u6e05\u8fd9\u662f\u4e09\u5c42\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u662f\u4e8c\u5c42\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u95ee\u201c\u662f\u5426\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u3001\u662f\u5426\u8d70\u7f51\u5173\u201d \u2192 \u4e09\u5c42 IP\/\u63a9\u7801\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u95ee\u201c\u8c01\u80fd\u6536\u5230 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94\u201d \u2192 \u4e8c\u5c42\u5e7f\u64ad\/\u5355\u64ad\u4f20\u64ad\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u5148\u770b\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u518d\u770b\u7f51\u5173<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8981\u770b\u5230\u7f51\u5173\u5c31\u5148\u7528\u3002<br>\u53ea\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u9700\u8981\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7f51\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u7262\u8bb0 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u5e7f\u64ad\u3001ARP \u54cd\u5e94\u5355\u64ad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u8003\u8bd5\u91cc\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u63a9\u7801<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u9677\u9631\u3002<br>\u7f51\u7edc\u9898\u91cc\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u770b\u201c\u5730\u5740\u50cf\u4e0d\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u770b <strong>\u6bcf\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u81ea\u5df1\u600e\u4e48\u5224\u65ad<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/4956-1024x768.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/4956-1024x768.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1948\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">49 \u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<strong>C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u5e72\u9009\u9879\u91cc\uff0cA\u3001B\u3001D \u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u9519\u5728 C\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a<br>\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f<strong>\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u544a\u62a5\u6587<\/strong>\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f<strong>\u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u6587<\/strong>\u3002\u6240\u4ee5 A \u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5206\u7247\u7684 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u544a\uff0c<strong>\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7247<\/strong>\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u7247\u4e0d\u518d\u5355\u72ec\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u98ce\u66b4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 B \u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e<strong>\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4<\/strong>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c<strong>\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587<\/strong>\uff0cD \u4e5f\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c <code>PING<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u800c\u662f <strong>ICMP \u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u56de\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42 \/ \u56de\u9001\u56de\u7b54<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 C \u9519\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u7684\u9677\u9631\u975e\u5e38\u5178\u578b\uff1a\u4e00\u770b\u5230 ICMP\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5c31\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u60f3\u5230\u201c\u5dee\u9519\u63a7\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a ping \u4e5f\u7b97\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a ping \u7528\u7684\u662f<strong>\u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u6587<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">50 \u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u67d0\u7f51\u7edc IP \u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a <code>192.168.5.0\/24<\/code>\uff0c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a <code>255.255.255.248<\/code>\uff0c\u6c42\u6700\u5927\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2a\u6570\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u5730\u5740\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<strong>B\uff0832\uff0c6\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u770b\u539f\u7f51\u7edc\u662f <code>\/24<\/code>\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u53d8\u6210 <code>255.255.255.248<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>\/29<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e\u4ece\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u91cc\u501f\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>29 - 24 = 5<\/code> \u4f4d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2a\u6570\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2^5 = 32<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u8fd8\u5269\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>32 - 29 = 3<\/code> \u4f4d\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u603b\u5730\u5740\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2^3 = 8<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u6570\u8981\u51cf\u53bb\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>8 - 2 = 6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>32 \u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51 6 \u4e2a\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u5730\u5740<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u662f\u6700\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u201c\u501f\u4f4d\u6cd5\u201d\u8ba1\u7b97\u9898\u3002\u505a\u6cd5\u56fa\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u7b97\u501f\u4e86\u51e0\u4f4d\uff0c\u5f97\u5b50\u7f51\u6570\uff1b<br>\u518d\u7b97\u5269\u51e0\u4f4d\uff0c\u5f97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">51 \u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u5668 R \u56e0\u4e3a\u62e5\u585e\u4e22\u5f03 IP \u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u5219\u5411\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u4ec0\u4e48 ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<strong>C\uff08\u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u8001\u8003\u7eb2\u91cc\u5f88\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u4e00\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u8def\u7531\u5668\u56e0\u4e3a<strong>\u62e5\u585e<\/strong>\u800c\u4e22\u5f03\u5206\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u6309\u4f20\u7edf\u6559\u6750\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f1a\u5411\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001 <strong>ICMP \u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u62a5\u6587<\/strong>\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u201c\u4f60\u53d1\u6162\u4e00\u70b9\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u9009 C\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e72\u6270\u9879\u8981\u4f1a\u533a\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff1a\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u4e3b\u673a\u201c\u4e0b\u6b21\u522b\u8d70\u6211\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u4e86\uff0c\u6362\u4e00\u6761\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8def\u201d\u3002<br>\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\uff1a\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6839\u672c\u5230\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002<br>\u8d85\u65f6\uff1a\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e TTL \u51cf\u4e3a 0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8003\u201c\u4e22\u5305\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u8003\u201c<strong>\u62e5\u585e\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e22\u5f03<\/strong>\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8865\u4e00\u53e5\uff1a\u6309\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6f14\u8fdb\uff0c\u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u540e\u6765\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e9f\u5f03\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46<strong>\u56fd\u5185\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8001\u9898\u3001408 \u98ce\u683c\u9898\u4ecd\u6309\u6559\u6750\u7b54\u6848\u9009 C<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">52 \u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u5728\u5b50\u7f51 <code>192.168.4.0\/30<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u6536\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e3a <code>192.168.4.3<\/code> \u7684 IP \u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<strong>C\uff082\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u628a <code>\/30<\/code> \u5b50\u7f51\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/30<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6709 2 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u603b\u5171 4 \u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>192.168.4.0<\/code>\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.4.1<\/code>\uff1a\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.4.2<\/code>\uff1a\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.4.3<\/code>\uff1a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u95ee\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f <code>192.168.4.3<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u7684<strong>\u76f4\u63a5\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e7f\u64ad\u5206\u7ec4\u4f1a\u88ab\u8be5\u5b50\u7f51\u5185\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u9009 C\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e0d\u662f\u628a <code>192.168.4.3<\/code> \u770b\u6210\u666e\u901a\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u5b83\u5728 <code>\/30<\/code> \u4e0b\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u5740\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">53 \u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1aR1 \u53ea\u6709\u5230 <code>192.168.1.0\/24<\/code> \u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 R1 \u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u56fe\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<strong>D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u770b\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R1 \u548c R2 \u901a\u8fc7 <code>192.168.1.0\/24<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u76f8\u8fde\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>R1\uff1a<code>192.168.1.1<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R2\uff1a<code>192.168.1.2<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>R2 \u540e\u9762\u53c8\u8fde\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>192.168.2.0\/25<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.2.128\/25<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u5176\u5b9e\u6b63\u597d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c47\u603b\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>192.168.2.0\/24<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 R1 \u53ea\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e00\u6761<strong>\u6c47\u603b\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u628a\u5230 <code>192.168.2.0\/24<\/code> \u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3 R2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>192.168.1.2<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u8def\u7531\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a<code>192.168.2.0<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff1a<code>255.255.255.0<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\uff1a<code>192.168.1.2<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u5e94 <strong>D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8003\u7684\u662f<strong>\u8def\u7531\u805a\u5408 \/ \u8def\u7531\u6c47\u603b<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u540c\u7c7b\u9898\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u4fe1\u53f7\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u540e\u9762\u6302\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u53c8\u8bf4\u201c\u53ea\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c\u6700\u5c11\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u60f3\u5230<strong>\u6c47\u603b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">54 \u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u4e3b\u673a IP \u5730\u5740\u4e3a <code>180.80.77.55<\/code>\uff0c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a <code>255.255.252.0<\/code>\uff0c\u82e5\u5411\u6240\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u53d1\u9001\u5e7f\u64ad\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u5219\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<strong>D\uff08180.80.79.255\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u770b\u63a9\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>255.255.252.0 = \/22<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/22<\/code> \u8bf4\u660e\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6709 6 \u4f4d\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d\uff0c\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>256 - 252 = 4<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u662f\u6309 4 \u4e00\u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>0~3<\/code>\uff0c<code>4~7<\/code>\uff0c<code>8~11<\/code>\uff0c\u2026\u2026\uff0c<code>76~79<\/code>\uff0c\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u662f <code>77<\/code>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u6240\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>180.80.76.0\/22<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>180.80.79.255<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u9009 D\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u662f\u5f88\u5178\u578b\u7684\u201c<strong>\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u6cd5<\/strong>\u201d\u6c42\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002<br>\u51e1\u662f\u63a9\u7801\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u516b\u4f4d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>\/22<\/code>\u3001<code>\/26<\/code>\u3001<code>\/27<\/code>\uff0c\u90fd\u63a8\u8350\u5148\u7528\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">55 \u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1aARP \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<strong>A\uff08\u6839\u636e IP \u5730\u5740\u67e5\u8be2 MAC \u5730\u5740\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARP \u53eb<strong>\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u628a<strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42 IP \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a<strong>\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42 MAC \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5df2\u77e5 IP\uff0c\u627e MAC\uff1aARP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5df2\u77e5 MAC\uff0c\u627e IP\uff1a\u4e0d\u662f ARP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u9009 A\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u533a\u662f\u628a ARP \u548c DNS \u6df7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ARP\uff1aIP \u2192 MAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DNS\uff1a\u57df\u540d \u2192 IP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">56 \u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u5728 TCP\/IP \u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4e3a ICMP \u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<strong>B\uff08IP\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ICMP \u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b83\u662f<strong>\u5c01\u88c5\u5728 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece\u201c\u8c01\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9 ICMP \u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u662f <strong>IP<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u662f TCP\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f UDP\u3002<br>\u56e0\u4e3a ICMP \u4e0d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\uff0c\u5b83\u548c TCP\u3001UDP\u662f\u5e76\u5217\u4f9d\u9644\u5728 IP \u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9898\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u548c\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e00\u8d77\u8bb0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TCP\u3001UDP\uff1a\u7531 IP \u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICMP\uff1a\u4e5f\u7531 IP \u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ARP\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u5355\u72ec\u770b\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0e MAC \u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u7ec4\u9898\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u8003\u70b9\u4e3b\u7ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u51e0\u9898\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206 49\u300151\u300156 \u662f\u5728\u8003 <strong>ICMP \u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u5c42\u6b21\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u4e2d\u95f4 50\u300152\u300154 \u662f\u5728\u8003 <strong>\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u540e\u9762 53\u300155 \u5219\u662f\u5728\u8003 <strong>\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u4e0e ARP \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u505a\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u770b\u662f<strong>\u534f\u8bae\u529f\u80fd\u9898<\/strong>\u8fd8\u662f<strong>\u5730\u5740\u8ba1\u7b97\u9898<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u534f\u8bae\u529f\u80fd\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u6293\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a<br><code>ping<\/code>\u3001<code>\u62e5\u585e<\/code>\u3001<code>ARP<\/code>\u3001<code>ICMP<\/code>\u3001<code>TCP\/IP \u5c42\u6b21<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5730\u5740\u8ba1\u7b97\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u5148\u5b9a\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a<br>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u662f<strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/strong>\uff1b<br>\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u5c11\u4f4d\uff1b<br>\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u505a<strong>\u5b50\u7f51\u6c47\u603b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd9\u7ec4\u9898\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u9519\u7684\u5176\u5b9e\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u770b\u5230 ICMP \u5c31\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u201c\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f 49 \u9898\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5751\u3002<code>ping<\/code> \u7528\u7684\u662f\u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u62e5\u585e\u4e22\u5f03\u201d\u8bef\u5224\u6210\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u201d\u300251 \u9898\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8003\u7684\u662f\u6559\u6750\u91cc\u7684\u573a\u666f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6cdb\u6cdb\u5730\u95ee\u201c\u4e22\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u5730\u5740\u7c7b\u578b\u300252 \u9898\u91cc <code>192.168.4.3<\/code> \u5728 <code>\/30<\/code> \u4e0b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9519\u4e86\u540e\u9762\u5168\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505a\u63a9\u7801\u5757\u5212\u5206\u300254 \u9898\u7684 <code>\/22<\/code> \u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9760\u6b7b\u7b97\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5bb9\u6613\u628a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7b97\u9519\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u6293\u4f4f\u540e\u5c31\u5f88\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec4\u9898\u5982\u679c\u524d\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u8fc7\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u201c\u76f4\u63a5\u5957\u7ed3\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f ICMP\u3001ARP\u3001\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u3001\u8def\u7531\u6c47\u603b \u8fd9\u51e0\u5757\u4f1a\u6df7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u628a 49 \u5230 56 \u9898\u505a\u987a\uff0c\u524d\u7f6e\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0d\u7528\u7279\u522b\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u628a\u51e0\u6761\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7406\u6e05\uff1a<strong>IP \u5730\u5740\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u4e48\u7528\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u600e\u4e48\u533a\u5206\uff0cARP \u548c ICMP \u5206\u522b\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684 IP \u4ee5\u540e\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u4e48\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f80\u54ea\u8f6c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8865\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6309\u201c\u505a\u8fd9\u51e0\u9898\u5230\u5e95\u8981\u5148\u4f1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u6765\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u5148\u628a\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u6293\u4f4f\uff1aIP \u5730\u5740\u662f\u201c\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u201d\uff0cMAC \u5730\u5740\u662f\u201c\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u5f88\u591a\u9898\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u91cc\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u9760\u4e00\u79cd\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9760\u4e24\u79cd\u5730\u5740\u914d\u5408\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>IP \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u201c\u8981\u628a\u6570\u636e\u9001\u5230\u54ea\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\u3002<br><strong>MAC \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e27\u8be5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c01\u201d\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u201c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8df3\u5177\u4f53\u4ea4\u7ed9\u54ea\u5757\u7f51\u5361\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u7406\u89e3\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IP \u5730\u5740\uff1a\u50cf\u201c\u57ce\u5e02 + \u5c0f\u533a + \u697c\u53f7\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MAC \u5730\u5740\uff1a\u50cf\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u533a\u91cc\u5177\u4f53\u54ea\u4e00\u6237\u95e8\u724c\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u7b2c 55 \u9898 ARP\uff1a<br>\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u91cc\u53d1\u5e27\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f97\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u9700\u8981 <strong>ARP\uff1a\u6839\u636e IP \u5730\u5740\u627e MAC \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u7b2c 56 \u9898\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8003\u4f60\uff1aICMP \u662f\u8c01\u627f\u8f7d\u7684\uff1f<br>\u7b54\u6848\u662f <strong>IP<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u8981\u5c01\u88c5\u5728 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u8ba4\u8bc6\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IP\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfb\u5740\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MAC\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u4e00\u8df3\u4e00\u8df3\u5730\u4ea4\u4ed8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ARP\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u628a IP \u8f6c\u6210 MAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICMP\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u63a2\u6d4b\u8f85\u52a9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709 MAC \u5730\u5740\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981 IP \u5730\u5740<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u521a\u5b66\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5185\u90e8\u901a\u4fe1\uff0cMAC \u5730\u5740\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c31\u591f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c31\u662f\u770b MAC \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u53d1\u5e27\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u4e00\u65e6\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u53ea\u9760 MAC \u5730\u5740\u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>MAC \u5730\u5740\u6ca1\u6709\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/strong><br>IP \u5730\u5740\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7f51\u7edc\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u4ece\u5317\u4eac\u5bc4\u5feb\u9012\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u5199\u201c\u95e8\u724c\u53f7\u201d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u6709\u201c\u7701\u5e02\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e2d\u9014\u5404\u4e2a\u8f6c\u8fd0\u4e2d\u5fc3\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u5e94\u8be5\u5f80\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u9001\u3002<br>IP \u5730\u5740\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5206\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u201d\uff0cMAC \u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5148\u770b\u76ee\u6807 IP\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5 ARP \u67e5\u8be2\u76ee\u6807 MAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u5c31 ARP \u67e5\u8be2\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u7684 MAC\uff0c\u628a\u5e27\u5148\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807 IP \u7ee7\u7eed\u8f6c\u53d1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u505a\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u770b\u7684\u662f <strong>IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f MAC \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u505a\u8fd9\u7ec4\u9898\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u4f1a\uff1aIP \u5730\u5740 = \u7f51\u7edc\u53f7 + \u4e3b\u673a\u53f7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u7f51\u9898\u7684\u6839\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u662f 32 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>192.168.5.10<\/code>\u3002<br>\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u7eaf\u6570\u5b57\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f<strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f<strong>\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u600e\u4e48\u533a\u5206\u54ea\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\uff1f<br>\u9760\u7684\u5c31\u662f <strong>\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IP\uff1a<code>192.168.5.10<\/code><br>\u63a9\u7801\uff1a<code>255.255.255.0<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u524d 24 \u4f4d\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d\uff0c\u540e 8 \u4f4d\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>\/24<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u662f <code>192.168.5.0<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u91cc\u5177\u4f53\u67d0\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f <code>192.168.5.10<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u5c31\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u63a9\u7801\u91cc\u4e3a 1 \u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e3a 0 \u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u8ba4\u8bc6\u662f\u540e\u9762 50\u300152\u300154\u300153 \u56db\u9053\u9898\u7684\u5171\u540c\u524d\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5b66\u4f1a\u533a\u5206\u4e09\u79cd\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f IPv4 \u9898\u91cc\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u3001\u4e5f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u7684\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u6210\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u5168 0\u3002<br>\u8868\u793a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u672c\u8eab\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982 <code>192.168.5.0\/24<\/code> \u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>192.168.5.0<\/code> \u5c31\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u5168 1\u3002<br>\u8868\u793a\u201c\u53d1\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982 <code>192.168.5.0\/24<\/code> \u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>192.168.5.255<\/code> \u5c31\u662f\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u5168 0\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5168 1\u3002<br>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u624d\u80fd\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f <code>2^\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6570<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2^\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6570 - 2<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u51cf\u6389\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c 50 \u9898\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f 8\uff0c\u800c\u662f 6\u3002<br>\u4e5f\u662f\u7b2c 52 \u9898\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5148\u5224\u65ad <code>192.168.4.3<\/code> \u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001\u505a\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u80cc\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u50cf\u7b2c 50\u300152\u300154 \u8fd9\u79cd\u9898\uff0c\u6700\u7a33\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u9760\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u6309\u4e0b\u9762\u56db\u6b65\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5148\u628a\u63a9\u7801\u5199\u6210 CIDR \u5f62\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>255.255.255.248<\/code> = <code>\/29<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>255.255.252.0<\/code> = <code>\/22<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>255.255.255.252<\/code> = <code>\/30<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u719f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u540e\u9762\u6240\u6709\u5224\u65ad\u90fd\u9760\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u7b97\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>IPv4 \u603b\u5171 32 \u4f4d\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u662f <code>\/29<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>32 - 29 = 3<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u603b\u5730\u5740\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u603b\u5730\u5740\u6570\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2^\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6570<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982 <code>\/29<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2^3 = 8<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u4e3b\u673a\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u666e\u901a\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u4e00\u822c\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2^\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6570 - 2<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982 <code>\/29<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>8 - 2 = 6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c 50 \u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7b2c 50 \u9898\u4f1a\u8003\u201c\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5728\u8003\u201c\u501f\u4f4d\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6765\u7f51\u7edc\u662f <code>\/24<\/code>\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u53d8\u6210 <code>\/29<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4ece\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u91cc\u501f\u8d70\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>29 - 24 = 5<\/code> \u4f4d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9 5 \u4f4d\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5b50\u7f51\u7f16\u53f7\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2a\u6570\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2^5 = 32<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u501f\u8d70\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u6765 8 \u4f4d\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b 3 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>2^3 - 2 = 6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5957\u4e00\u4e2a\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u501f\u4e86\u51e0\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5269\u51e0\u4f4d\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u7b97\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e3b\u673a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5b9a\u957f\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u201d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e03\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7b2c 52 \u9898\u4f1a\u96be\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u95ee\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u7ed9\u4e3b\u673a\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u95ee\u201c\u8c01\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u53d1\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b50\u7f51\u662f <code>192.168.4.0\/30<\/code>\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f <code>192.168.4.3<\/code>\uff0c\u95ee\u6700\u5927\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e3b\u673a\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u4f1a\u53bb\u770b \u201c.3 \u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u4f7f\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u9898\u771f\u6b63\u8003\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5728\u8be5\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/30<\/code> \u8bf4\u660e\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6709 2 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u5171 4 \u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>192.168.4.0<\/code> \u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.4.1<\/code> \u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.4.2<\/code> \u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.4.3<\/code> \u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f <code>192.168.4.3<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5728\u7ed9<strong>\u6574\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u5e7f\u64ad<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u4e8e\u662f\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5171 2 \u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u505a\u9898\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u63a9\u7801\u4e0b\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u80fd\u5148\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u5224\u65ad\u6210\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u666e\u901a\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u201d\uff0c\u9898\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u6389\u4e00\u5927\u534a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516b\u3001\u5fc5\u987b\u5b66\u4f1a\u201c\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7b2c 54 \u9898\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u9898\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4e71<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c 54 \u9898\u7ed9\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IP\uff1a<code>180.80.77.55<\/code><br>\u63a9\u7801\uff1a<code>255.255.252.0<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u63a9\u7801\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u5b57\u8282\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8ba9\u4eba\u624b\u7b97\u51fa\u9519\u3002<br>\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f <strong>\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u770b\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>256 - \u63a9\u7801\u503c<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f97\u5230\u6b65\u957f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u5757\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u63a9\u7801\u662f 252\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>256 - 252 = 4<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6309 4 \u4e00\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>0 \u5230 3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4 \u5230 7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>8 \u5230 11<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>76 \u5230 79<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>80 \u5230 83<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u9898\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u662f 77\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u843d\u5728 <code>76 \u5230 79<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e00\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u662f <code>180.80.76.0<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u662f <code>180.80.79.255<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u6240\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u662f <code>180.80.79.255<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u4ee5\u540e\u770b\u5230\u63a9\u7801\u50cf <code>\/22<\/code>\u3001<code>\/26<\/code>\u3001<code>\/27<\/code>\u3001<code>\/28<\/code>\uff0c\u90fd\u4f18\u5148\u60f3\u5230\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u786c\u51d1\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e5d\u3001ARP \u5230\u5e95\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7b2c 55 \u9898\u8fd9\u4e48\u8003<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4f1a\u80cc\u201cARP \u6839\u636e IP \u627e MAC\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IP \u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u201c\u8981\u53bb\u54ea\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u201d\uff0c<br>\u4f46\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u53d1\u5e27\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u5361\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u771f\u6b63\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u662f <strong>MAC \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u673a\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u65b9 IP\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u5728\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e0a\u53d1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u901a\u8fc7 ARP \u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684 MAC\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e3b\u673a A \u60f3\u53d1\u7ed9 <code>192.168.1.20<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A \u53d1\u73b0\u5bf9\u65b9\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A \u5148\u5e7f\u64ad\u95ee\uff1a\u8c01\u662f <code>192.168.1.20<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u628a\u4f60\u7684 MAC \u544a\u8bc9\u6211<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u65b9\u56de\u590d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 MAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A \u518d\u628a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u53d1\u8fc7\u53bb<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u7b2c 55 \u9898\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4e0d\u662f\u6b7b\u80cc\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u660e\u767d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ARP \u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u5230\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8003\u8bd5\u91cc\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u628a ARP \u548c DNS \u6df7\u6dc6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u628a ARP \u9519\u770b\u6210\u6839\u636e MAC \u67e5 IP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ARP\uff1aIP \u2192 MAC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u3001ICMP \u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 49\u300151\u300156 \u4e09\u9898\u90fd\u548c\u5b83\u6709\u5173<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ICMP \u662f IPv4 \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u91cc\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u4f46\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u6a21\u7cca\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u628a ICMP \u7406\u89e3\u6210\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u51fa\u9519\u4e86\u624d\u4f1a\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u591f\u5b8c\u6574\u3002<br>\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ICMP \u662f IP \u5c42\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u62a5\u6587\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u544a\u62a5\u6587<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u62a5\u544a\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53c2\u6570\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236\uff08\u8001\u6559\u6750\u5185\u5bb9\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u6587<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8bca\u65ad\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56de\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56de\u9001\u56de\u7b54<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f ping \u7528\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5957\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f 49 \u9898\u5c31\u5728\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a<br><code>ping<\/code> \u7528\u7684\u662f\u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>56 \u9898\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8003\u5c42\u6b21\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<br>ICMP \u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u8c01\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f IP\u3002<br>\u56e0\u4e3a ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u662f\u88c5\u5728 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u91cc\u9762\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>51 \u9898\u5219\u662f\u5728\u8003\u5177\u4f53\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53 ICMP \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u7b2c 51 \u9898\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u9009\u201c\u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u9898\u96be\u70b9\u4e0d\u5728\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u573a\u666f\u5339\u914d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c 51 \u9898\u8bf4\uff1a<br>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u56e0\u4e3a\u62e5\u585e\u4e22\u5f03\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u4ec0\u4e48 ICMP \u62a5\u6587\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u4e00\u770b\u5230\u201c\u4e22\u5f03\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u60f3\u9009\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u201d\u3002<br>\u4f46\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u770b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8981\u770b<strong>\u4e22\u5f03\u7684\u539f\u56e0<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ICMP \u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff1a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u6700\u4f18\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u4e3b\u673a\u4ee5\u540e\u6362\u8def<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u6839\u672c\u5230\u4e0d\u4e86<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8d85\u65f6\uff1aTTL \u53d8\u6210 0 \u6216\u7b49\u5f85\u8d85\u65f6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u62e5\u585e\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u964d\u4f4e\u53d1\u9001\u901f\u7387<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u9898\u76ee\u660e\u786e\u8bf4\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u62e5\u585e\u4e22\u5f03\u201d\uff0c\u6309\u6559\u6750\u8003\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f <strong>\u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u80cc\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bad\u7ec3\u201c\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u89e6\u53d1\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c\u62e5\u585e\u201d \u2192 \u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cTTL \u5230 0\u201d \u2192 \u8d85\u65f6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\/\u4e3b\u673a\/\u7aef\u53e3\u201d \u2192 \u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u201d \u2192 \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u628a\u9898\u5e72\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u548c ICMP \u7c7b\u578b\u6302\u94a9\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9898\u5c31\u5feb\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7b2c 49 \u9898\u4f1a\u8003\u201c\u5206\u7247\u540e\u53ea\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u5355\u72ec\u770b\u6709\u70b9\u602a\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u8bd5\u5f88\u7231\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5206\u6210\u5f88\u591a\u7247\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u51fa\u9519\u90fd\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u90a3\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u52a0\u91cd\u7f51\u7edc\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u89c4\u5219\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5206\u7247\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u53ea\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5bf9 ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u518d\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u5e7f\u64ad\u6216\u591a\u64ad\u5206\u7ec4\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u975e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u957f\u5f97\u5f88\u50cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u6cdb\u6ee5\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 49 \u9898\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u540e\u518d\u89c1\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c31\u6309\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5b64\u7acb\u6b7b\u80cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u505a\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u51b3\u5b9a\u201c\u5f80\u54ea\u8d70\u201d\u7684<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c 53 \u9898\u7684\u6839\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5b66\u8def\u7531\u65f6\u53ea\u8bb0\u201c\u67e5\u8def\u7531\u8868\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u8bd5\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u62ff\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u5206\u7ec4\u540e\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6309\u6700\u957f\u524d\u7f00\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u8def\u7531\u9879\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u76f8\u5e94\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u662f\u770b\u4e00\u53f0\u5177\u4f53\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u770b\u5b83\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002<br>\u6bd4\u5982\u76ee\u7684 IP \u662f <code>192.168.2.25<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u5b83\u5c5e\u4e8e <code>192.168.2.0\/25<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u7740\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5148\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c01\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c 53 \u9898\u91cc\uff0cR1 \u60f3\u5230\u8fbe <code>192.168.2.0\/25<\/code> \u548c <code>192.168.2.128\/25<\/code>\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u8fde\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u77e5\u9053 R2 \u8fde\u7740\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u8981\u628a\u53bb\u5f80\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4ea4\u7ed9 R2 \u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u201d\u5e94\u8be5\u5199\u6210 R2 \u5728\u4e0e R1 \u76f4\u8fde\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff1a<code>192.168.1.2<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7279\u522b\u5bb9\u6613\u9519\u6210 <code>192.168.1.1<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u662f R1 \u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u4ee5\u540e\u51e1\u662f\u9898\u76ee\u95ee\u201c\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531\u201d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5148\u770b\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8be5\u5199\u4ec0\u4e48<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5bf9\u65b9\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u56db\u3001\u7b2c 53 \u9898\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u8003\u7684\u662f\u8def\u7531\u6c47\u603b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u91cc R2 \u540e\u9762\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>192.168.2.0\/25<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.2.128\/25<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u521a\u597d\u8986\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a <code>192.168.2.0\/24<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5728 R1 \u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u5206\u522b\u914d\u4e24\u6761\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5230 <code>192.168.2.0\/25<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5230 <code>192.168.2.128\/25<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6c47\u603b\u6210\u4e00\u6761\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>192.168.2.0\/24 -&gt; \u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3 192.168.1.2<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u53eb<strong>\u8def\u7531\u6c47\u603b<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e5f\u53eb<strong>\u8def\u7531\u805a\u5408<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u7684\u505a\u9898\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u56fa\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u770b\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u662f\u5426\u8fde\u7eed\uff1b<br>\u518d\u770b\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff1b<br>\u5982\u679c\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4\u201c\u6700\u5c11\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u201d\u201c\u53ea\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u5341\u6709\u516b\u4e5d\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8003\u6c47\u603b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c 53 \u9898\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u96be\u70b9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bb0\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u770b\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e24\u4e2a \/25 \u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \/24\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u505a 49 \u5230 56 \u8fd9\u7ec4\u9898\uff0c\u6700\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u9898\u578b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u628a\u8fd9 8 \u9898\u62bd\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u9898\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\uff1a\u534f\u8bae\u529f\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982 49\u300155\u300156\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7b97\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5148\u533a\u5206\u5404\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ARP\uff1aIP \u2192 MAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICMP\uff1a\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u63a2\u6d4b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IP\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u5c3d\u529b\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TCP\uff1a\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UDP\uff1a\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u5f00\u9500\u5c0f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9898\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<br><strong>\u5148\u5b9a\u5c42\uff0c\u518d\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\uff1aICMP \u7c7b\u578b\u5339\u914d\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982 49\u300151\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br><strong>\u6293\u9898\u5e72\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5177\u4f53\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ping \u2192 \u56de\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u56de\u7b54<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u62e5\u585e \u2192 \u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236\uff08\u6309\u6559\u6750\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TTL \u5230 0 \u2192 \u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\/\u4e3b\u673a\/\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe \u2192 \u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u66f4\u4f18\u8def\u5f84 \u2192 \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a\u5b50\u7f51\u4e0e\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u8ba1\u7b97\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982 50\u300152\u300154\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5148\u628a\u63a9\u7801\u5316\u6210 <code>\/n<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b97\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5224\u65ad\u603b\u5730\u5740\u6570\u548c\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u4e3b\u673a\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5224\u65ad\u67d0\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u8fd8\u662f\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u63a9\u7801\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u7528\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u79cd\uff1a\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531 \/ \u8def\u7531\u6c47\u603b\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982 53\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5148\u770b\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u770b\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u805a\u5408<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u518d\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u5e94\u8be5\u5199\u8c01<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u90bb\u5c45\u8def\u7531\u5668\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u516d\u3001\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec4\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u5ea6\u524d\u7f6e\u77e5\u8bc6\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u8865<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e4b\u524d\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u5b66\u8fc7\uff0c\u6700\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u8865\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6761\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4e71\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u5b66 <strong>IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c50\u300152\u300153\u300154 \u90fd\u505a\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u518d\u5b66 <strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5224\u65ad<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f88\u591a\u9898\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u770b\u61c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u7740\u5b66 <strong>ARP \u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3 IP \u548c MAC \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u518d\u5b66 <strong>ICMP \u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u5178\u578b\u62a5\u6587<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u4f1a\uff1a\u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u6587\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3001\u6e90\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u5b66 <strong>\u8def\u7531\u8868\u3001\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u3001\u8def\u7531\u6c47\u603b<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u8fd9\u6837 53 \u9898\u5c31\u80fd\u81ea\u7136\u770b\u61c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ec4\u9898\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u987a\u5e8f\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>IP \u5730\u5740 \u2192 \u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206 \u2192 \u5e7f\u64ad\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740 \u2192 ARP \u2192 ICMP \u2192 \u8def\u7531\u4e0e\u8def\u7531\u6c47\u603b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u628a\u8fd9\u7ec4\u9898\u771f\u6b63\u4e32\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u7ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u673a\u5148\u6839\u636e<strong>\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/strong>\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7 <strong>ARP<\/strong> \u67e5\u8be2\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684 <strong>MAC \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5185\u53d1\u9001\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7 ARP \u627e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u7684 MAC\uff0c\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5148\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<br>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u518d\u6839\u636e<strong>\u76ee\u7684 IP \u548c\u8def\u7531\u8868<\/strong>\u51b3\u5b9a\u53d1\u5f80\u54ea\u4e2a<strong>\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u9014\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u3001\u62e5\u585e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 <strong>ICMP<\/strong> \u62a5\u6587\u53cd\u9988\u7ed9\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c49 \u5230 56 \u9898\u867d\u7136\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u901a\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7ebf\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u516b\u3001\u6700\u540e\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5165\u95e8\u505a\u9898\u6a21\u677f\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u9898\u5148\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u540e\u518d\u9047\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u9009\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5728\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u8fc7\u4e00\u904d\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u5957\u6a21\u677f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9898\u76ee\u63d0\u5230 <code>ARP<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u5148\u60f3\uff1a<br>\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8003 <strong>IP \u5730\u5740\u5230 MAC 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