{"id":1727,"date":"2026-03-03T13:57:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T05:57:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/?p=1727"},"modified":"2026-03-03T16:26:19","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T08:26:19","slug":"16d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/2026\/03\/03\/16d\/preluna\/text\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6-\u4e3b\u673a\u670d\u52a1\u5668&amp;\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b&amp;IP\u8d44\u4ea7&amp;\u53cd\u67e5\u6280\u672f&amp;\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf&amp;\u534f\u8bae\u63a2\u9488&amp;\u89d2\u8272\u5b9a\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf-\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf&amp;IP\u8d44\u4ea7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u4e3a\u4f55\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0eIP\u8d44\u4ea7\u5f00\u59cb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u521a\u63a5\u624b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u516c\u53f8\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u5b83\u4eec\u88c5\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5206\u522b\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9bIP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u4f60\u642c\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5c0f\u533a\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u680b\u697c\u7684\u95e8\u724c\u53f7\u548c\u4f4f\u6237\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u89c4\u5212\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5de1\u68c0\u6216\u5b89\u9632\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6<\/strong>\u5c31\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u95e8\u724c\u53f7\u201d\uff08IP\u8d44\u4ea7\uff09\u548c\u201c\u4f4f\u6237\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\uff08\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u5904\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u6e17\u900f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u8d44\u4ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u6700\u524d\u7aef\uff0c\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u57fa\u7ebf\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u5165\u4fb5\u76d1\u6d4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6e05\u5355\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u805a\u7126<strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong>\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u7cbe\u51c6\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\uff1a\u6307\u7eb9\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u827a\u672f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 \u5b83\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u53f0\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u662fWindows\u8fd8\u662fLinux\uff0c\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7248\u672c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Windows Server 2022\u8fd8\u662fUbuntu 24.04\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u540e\u7eed\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e93\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002\u751f\u6d3b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u4f60\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u5c01\u6765\u81ea\u201c\u7269\u4e1a\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\uff0c\u4f46\u4fe1\u5c01\u4e0a\u6ca1\u5199\u697c\u53f7\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u95e8\u724c\u6837\u5f0f\u3001\u95e8\u7981\u7cfb\u7edf\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u54ea\u680b\u697c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u628a\u4fe1\u6295\u8fdb\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4fe1\u7bb1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u534f\u4f5c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u63a2\u6d4b\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u626b\u63cf\u5668\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7ICMP\u6216TCP Ping\u53d1\u73b0\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e3b\u673a\uff08IP\u8d44\u4ea7\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u7eb9\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8fd4\u56de\u7684TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u670d\u52a1Banner\u3001HTTP\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u5224\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u6c47\u603b\u5230\u8d44\u4ea7\u6e05\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3 \u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e24\u79cd\u539f\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4e3b\u52a8\u6808\u6307\u7eb9\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u53d1\u9001\u7cbe\u5fc3\u6784\u9020\u7684TCP\/IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08\u5982\u4e0d\u540cFlags\u7ec4\u5408\u7684SYN\u3001FIN\u5305\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u7684TTL\u3001\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u3001TCP\u9009\u9879\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u65f6\u6709\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u5c31\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u201c\u6307\u7eb9\u201d\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u56fa\u5316\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u8f7b\u6613\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6307\u7eb9\u975e\u5e38\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Banner\u6293\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u5982SSH\u768422\u7aef\u53e3\u3001HTTP\u768480\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982SSH\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201cSSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.6\u201d\u7684Banner\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.4 \u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u5de5\u5177<\/th><th>\u539f\u7406\u4fa7\u91cd<\/th><th>\u7279\u70b9<\/th><th>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Nmap<\/strong><\/td><td>\u4e3b\u52a8\u6808\u6307\u7eb9 + \u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf<\/td><td>\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u652f\u6301OS\u68c0\u6d4b\uff08-O\uff09<\/td><td>\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Netcat (nc)<\/strong><\/td><td>Banner\u6293\u53d6<\/td><td>\u8f7b\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u624b\u52a8\u63a2\u6d4b\u7aef\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6Banner<\/td><td>\u5feb\u901f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Wappalyzer<\/strong><\/td><td>HTTP\u5934\/\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790<\/td><td>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u63d2\u4ef6\/\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u8bc6\u522bWeb\u5e94\u7528\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/td><td>Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>p0f<\/strong><\/td><td>\u88ab\u52a8\u6307\u7eb9\u5206\u6790<\/td><td>\u76d1\u542c\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u5305\uff0c\u9690\u853d\u6027\u5f3a<\/td><td>\u6e17\u900f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u542c\u573a\u666f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u53c2\u8003\uff1aNmap\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863 <a href=\"https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/osdetect.html\">https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/osdetect.html<\/a> (2026\u5e74\u66f4\u65b0)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.5 \u5178\u578b\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f + \u53ef\u590d\u5236\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f60\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807IP\u8303\u56f4 <code>192.168.1.0\/24<\/code>\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bc6\u522b\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Linux Bash \u793a\u4f8b\uff08Ubuntu 24.04\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u4f7f\u7528nmap\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u7ed3\u679c\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\nsudo nmap -O 192.168.1.0\/24 --osscan-guess -oA os_scan\n\n# \u9010\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\n# sudo          : \u9700\u8981root\u6743\u9650\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5305\n# nmap          : \u7f51\u7edc\u626b\u63cf\u5de5\u5177\n# -O            : \u542f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u6d4b\n# 192.168.1.0\/24: \u76ee\u6807IP\u8303\u56f4\n# --osscan-guess: \u5f53\u65e0\u6cd5\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u80c6\u731c\u6d4b\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\n# -oA os_scan   : \u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u6b63\u5e38\u3001XML\u3001grepable\uff09\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3aos_scan<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u4f9d\u636e\uff1a\u672c\u811a\u672c\u57fa\u4e8eNmap\u5b98\u65b9\u624b\u518c <a href=\"https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/man-os-detection.html \">https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/man-os-detection.html <\/a>2026\u5e744\u6708\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5728Ubuntu 24.04\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Windows PowerShell 7+ \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u4f7f\u7528Test-NetConnection\u914d\u5408\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7aef\u53e3Banner\u83b7\u53d6\uff08\u4ee5HTTP\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09\n$ip = \"192.168.1.10\"\n$port = 80\n$tcp = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient\n$tcp.Connect($ip, $port)\n$stream = $tcp.GetStream()\n$writer = New-Object System.IO.StreamWriter($stream)\n$writer.WriteLine(\"HEAD \/ HTTP\/1.1`r`nHost: $ip`r`nConnection: close`r`n\")\n$writer.Flush()\n$reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($stream)\n$response = $reader.ReadToEnd()\n$response -match \"Server: (.*)\" | Out-Null\n$serverHeader = $matches&#91;1]\nWrite-Host \"\u670d\u52a1\u5668Banner: $serverHeader\"\n$tcp.Close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u4f9d\u636e\uff1a\u672c\u811a\u672c\u53c2\u8003Microsoft Learn PowerShell\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u6587\u6863 <a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/powershell\/scripting\/samples\/working-with-tcp-sockets?view=powershell-7.4\">https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/powershell\/scripting\/samples\/working-with-tcp-sockets?view=powershell-7.4<\/a> 2026\u5e74\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5728Windows 11 25H2\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.6 \u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u7684\u5751\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u57511\uff1a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5e72\u6270<\/strong>\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u5f00\u542f\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216IDS\/IPS\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a2\u6d4b\u5305\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u6216\u4f2a\u9020\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bef\u5224\u3002<br><strong>\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u63a2\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08TCP\u3001UDP\u3001ICMP\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>-Pn<\/code>\u8df3\u8fc7Ping\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u6216\u4ece\u5185\u7f51\u5df2\u63a7\u673a\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u542c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u57512\uff1a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6216CDN<\/strong>\u3002\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<br><strong>\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u57df\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u5730\u65e5\u5fd7\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6743\u9650\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c<code>systeminfo<\/code>\uff08Windows\uff09\u6216<code>lsb_release -a<\/code>\uff08Linux\uff09\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u586b\u5165\u8d44\u4ea7\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u5e76\u5339\u914d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e93\uff08\u5982CVE Details\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u89c6\u89d2<\/strong><br>\u4e3b\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a2\u6d4b\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u53d1\u9001\u5f02\u5e38\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u544a\u8b66\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u53cd\u5236\uff08\u5982\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6a21\u62df\u865a\u5047Banner\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6388\u6743\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u660e\u786e\u544a\u77e5\u5bf9\u65b9\u4f60\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u5728\u9632\u5b88\u65b9\uff0c\u5e94\u90e8\u7f72\u6b3a\u9a97\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f02\u5e38\u6307\u7eb9\u63a2\u6d4b\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u6eaf\u6e90\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u670d\u52a1Banner\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4fee\u6539SSH\u9ed8\u8ba4Banner\u6216\u9690\u85cfWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u9732\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mermaid \u56fe\u8868\uff1a[\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u6d41\u7a0b]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u6d41\u7a0b-601x1024.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"601\" height=\"1024\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u6d41\u7a0b-601x1024.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1728\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<strong>\u7070\u8272\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u201c\u5b58\u6d3b\u63a2\u6d4b\u201d<\/strong> \u9996\u5148\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u4e0d\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<strong>\u83f1\u5f62\u5224\u65ad\u6846<\/strong> \u6839\u636e\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u5206\u6d41\uff1a\u5f00\u653e\u5219\u8d70\u201cBanner\u6293\u53d6\u201d\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u7eff\u8272\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8d70\u201c\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6307\u7eb9\u63a2\u6d4b\u201d\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u7eff\u8272\uff09\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u6c47\u96c6\u5230\u7d2b\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u5f81\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8f93\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u3002\u865a\u7ebf\u7bad\u5934\u8868\u793a\u4e24\u79cd\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001IP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\uff1a\u7ed8\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u7586\u57df\u56fe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 \u5b83\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u91cc\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u7ebf\uff1f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5f00\u653e\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u670d\u52a1\uff1f\u201d \u8fd9\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u4ea7\u53f0\u8d26\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u751f\u6d3b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u7269\u4e1a\u9700\u8981\u767b\u8bb0\u6bcf\u5957\u623f\u5b50\u7684\u7535\u8868\u7f16\u53f7\uff08IP\uff09\u548c\u5165\u4f4f\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b58\u6d3b\uff09\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u7a7a\u7f6e\u623f\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u7528\u7535\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u534f\u4f5c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u626b\u63cf\u53d1\u73b0\u6240\u6709\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u521d\u6b65\u7684IP\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2aIP\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002\u5b83\u5904\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\uff0c\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u6240\u6709\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u4f9b\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 \u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ICMP Ping<\/strong>\uff1a\u53d1\u9001ICMP Echo\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6536\u5230\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e3b\u673a\u5b58\u6d3b\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4f1a\u5c4f\u853dICMP\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bef\u5224\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>TCP Ping<\/strong>\uff1a\u5411\u5e38\u89c1\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u598280,443,22\uff09\u53d1\u9001SYN\u5305\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6536\u5230SYN\/ACK\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e3b\u673a\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e14\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u5f00\u653e\u3002\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8fde\u63a5\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ARP\u626b\u63cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5185\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u4e14\u6700\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aARP\u662f\u4e8c\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e09\u5c42\u9632\u706b\u5899\u62e6\u622a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u626b\u63cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982Zmap\u3001Masscan\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u9001\u63a2\u6d4b\u5305\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u626b\u63cf\u5927\u8303\u56f4IP\uff0c\u4f46\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u5bf9\u63a2\u6d4b\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8986\u76d6\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u5355\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4 \u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u5de5\u5177<\/th><th>\u539f\u7406<\/th><th>\u7279\u70b9<\/th><th>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>fping<\/strong><\/td><td>ICMP\u6279\u91cfPing<\/td><td>\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5b58\u6d3b\u63a2\u6d4b<\/td><td>\u5185\u7f51\u5feb\u901f\u5b58\u6d3b\u68c0\u67e5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>nmap -sn<\/strong><\/td><td>ICMP + TCP Ping + ARP<\/td><td>\u81ea\u52a8\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u9ad8<\/td><td>\u5e38\u89c4\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u9996\u9009<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>arp-scan<\/strong><\/td><td>ARP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td><td>\u4e8c\u5c42\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ecf\u8fc7IP\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u516c\u7f51<\/td><td>\u672c\u5730\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u7cbe\u786e\u53d1\u73b0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Masscan<\/strong><\/td><td>\u65e0\u72b6\u6001TCP SYN<\/td><td>\u6781\u901f\uff0c\u53ef\u626b\u63cf\u5168\u4e92\u8054\u7f51<\/td><td>\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u516c\u7f51\u8d44\u4ea7\u63a2\u6d4b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u53c2\u8003\uff1aarp-scan\u5b98\u65b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/royhills\/arp-scan\">https:\/\/github.com\/royhills\/arp-scan<\/a> (2026\u5e74\u66f4\u65b0)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.5 \u5178\u578b\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f + \u53ef\u590d\u5236\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u7f51\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u7edf\u8ba1\u516c\u53f8\u5185\u7f51 <code>10.10.10.0\/24<\/code> \u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5728\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Linux Bash \u793a\u4f8b\uff08Ubuntu 24.04\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u4f7f\u7528nmap\u8fdb\u884cPing\u626b\u63cf\uff08\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\uff09\nnmap -sn 10.10.10.0\/24 -oG ping_scan.txt\n\n# \u9010\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\n# -sn           : Ping\u626b\u63cf\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u5224\u65ad\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u626b\u63cf\u7aef\u53e3\n# 10.10.10.0\/24 : \u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u6bb5\n# -oG ping_scan.txt: \u8f93\u51fa\u4e3agrepable\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u811a\u672c\u5904\u7406<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u4f9d\u636e\uff1a\u672c\u811a\u672c\u57fa\u4e8eNmap\u5b98\u65b9\u6307\u5357 <a href=\"https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/man-host-discovery.html\">https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/man-host-discovery.html<\/a> 2026\u5e74\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5728Ubuntu 24.04\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Windows PowerShell 7+ \u793a\u4f8b\uff08\u5c40\u57df\u7f51ARP\u626b\u63cf\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6240\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u8fdb\u884cARP\u626b\u63cf\uff08\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5PsPing\u6216\u4f7f\u7528Test-NetConnection\uff09\n# \u8fd9\u91cc\u6f14\u793a\u4f7f\u7528Test-NetConnection\u5bf9\u5e38\u89c1IP\u8fdb\u884cTCP Ping\n$subnet = \"10.10.10.\"\nfor ($i=1; $i -le 254; $i++) {\n    $ip = $subnet + $i\n    if (Test-Connection -ComputerName $ip -Count 1 -Quiet) {\n        Write-Host \"$ip is alive\"\n    } else {\n        # \u5982\u679cICMP\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5TCP\u7aef\u53e3445\uff08SMB\uff09\u548c22\uff08SSH\uff09\n        if ((Test-NetConnection $ip -Port 445 -WarningAction SilentlyContinue).TcpTestSucceeded) {\n            Write-Host \"$ip is alive (SMB)\"\n        } elseif ((Test-NetConnection $ip -Port 22 -WarningAction SilentlyContinue).TcpTestSucceeded) {\n            Write-Host \"$ip is alive (SSH)\"\n        }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u4f9d\u636e\uff1a\u672c\u811a\u672c\u53c2\u8003Microsoft Learn PowerShell Test-Connection\u6587\u6863 <a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/powershell\/module\/microsoft.powershell.management\/test-connection?view=powershell-7.4 \">https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/powershell\/module\/microsoft.powershell.management\/test-connection?view=powershell-7.4 <\/a>\u548cTest-NetConnection\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5728Windows 11 25H2\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.6 \u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u7684\u5751\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u57511\uff1a\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3aPing\u901a\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u673a<\/strong>\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5982\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff09\u4f1a\u4ee3\u7b54Ping\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u865a\u5047\u5b58\u6d3b\u3002<br><strong>\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u5f00\u653e\u624d\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u201c\u6709\u6548\u8d44\u4ea7\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u57512\uff1a\u6f0f\u6389\u4e34\u65f6IP\u6216DHCP\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ARP\u626b\u63cf\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6700\u8fd1\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5728ARP\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9057\u6f0f\u3002<br><strong>\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u6b21\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\uff08\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u548c\u4f4e\u8c37\u671f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u767b\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u67e5\u770bMAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4IP\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684MAC\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u5b58\u6d3bIP\u5217\u8868\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u9010\u4e00\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u4fe1\u606f\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u89c6\u89d2<\/strong><br>IP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a2\u6d4b\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u626b\u63cf\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6cd5\u76f8\u5173\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u5728\u5408\u6cd5\u6388\u6743\u4e0b\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u9690\u853d\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u542c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u76d1\u542c\u672c\u5730\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7aef\u53e3\u955c\u50cf\u6d41\u91cf\uff09\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u8d44\u4ea7\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u6270\u52a8\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9632\u5b88\u65b9\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u90e8\u7f72\u7f51\u7edc\u51c6\u5165\u63a7\u5236\uff08NAC\uff09\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u5916\u8054\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u6388\u6743\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mermaid \u56fe\u8868\uff1a[IP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\u6d41\u7a0b]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/IP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\u6d41\u7a0b-400x1024.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"1024\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/IP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\u6d41\u7a0b-400x1024.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1729\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b58\u6d3b\u63a2\u6d4b\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<strong>\u9ec4\u8272\u5224\u65ad\u6846<\/strong>\u4f9d\u6b21\u68c0\u67e5ICMP\u3001TCP\u7aef\u53e3\u3001ARP\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4efb\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u5c31\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u201c\u5b58\u6d3b\u201d\uff08\u7eff\u8272\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6c47\u603b\u6210IP\u5217\u8868\uff08\u7d2b\u8272\uff09\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6240\u6709\u63a2\u6d4b\u90fd\u5931\u8d25\u624d\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u201c\u672a\u77e5\/\u4e0b\u7ebf\u201d\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8d44\u4ea7\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u5c06\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0eIP\u8d44\u4ea7\u8054\u52a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\uff0cIP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u626b\u63cf\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5Nmap\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u65e2\u53d1\u73b0\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u53c8\u8bc6\u522b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u626b\u63cf\u6574\u4e2a\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5f0f\nsudo nmap -sS -sV -O -T4 192.168.1.0\/24 -oA full_scan\n\n# \u9010\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\n# -sS   : TCP SYN\u534a\u5f00\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\uff0c\u9690\u853d\u6027\u7a0d\u597d\n# -sV   : \u63a2\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\n# -O    : \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u6d4b\n# -T4   : \u65f6\u5e8f\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u626b\u63cf\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u9002\u5408\u5185\u7f51\uff09\n# -oA full_scan: \u4fdd\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5f0f<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u4f9d\u636e\uff1aNmap\u5b98\u65b9\u7ec4\u5408\u626b\u63cf\u6307\u5357 <a href=\"https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/man-briefoptions.html\">https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/man-briefoptions.html<\/a> (2026\u5e74\u66f4\u65b0)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u89c6\u89d2<\/strong><br>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5168\u91cf\u626b\u63cf\u4f1a\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7559\u4e0b\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u3002\u5728\u6e17\u900f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4e\u901f\u3001\u9690\u853d\u7684\u626b\u63cf\uff08\u5982<code>-T1<\/code>\uff09\u7ed5\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u626b\u63cf\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9632\u5b88\u65b9\uff0c\u5e94\u5efa\u7acb\u8d44\u4ea7\u53d8\u5316\u57fa\u7ebf\uff0c\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u672a\u77e5IP\u626b\u63cf\u65f6\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u5e76\u6eaf\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mermaid \u56fe\u8868\uff1a[\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u534f\u4f5c]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u534f\u4f5c-1024x226.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"226\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u534f\u4f5c-1024x226.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1730\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u534f\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<strong>\u53d1\u73b0\u5c42<\/strong>\uff08\u9ec4\u8272\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23IP\u8d44\u4ea7\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u4ea7\u51fa\u5b58\u6d3b\u5217\u8868\uff08\u7eff\u8272\uff09\u3002<strong>\u8bc6\u522b\u5c42<\/strong>\uff08\u7d2b\u8272\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b58\u6d3b\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6574\u5408\u6210\u8d44\u4ea7\u6e05\u5355\uff08\u6d45\u84dd\uff09\u3002\u7bad\u5934\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u52a8\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u5c42\u5c42\u9012\u8fdb\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u4f55\u65f6\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u573a\u666f<\/th><th>\u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th><th>\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848<\/th><th>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u5185\u7f51\u5feb\u901f\u5b58\u6d3b\u53d1\u73b0<\/td><td><code>arp-scan<\/code> (\u4e8c\u5c42)<\/td><td><code>nmap -sn<\/code><\/td><td>ARP\u626b\u63cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u8de8\u7f51\u6bb5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u516c\u7f51\u8d44\u4ea7\u666e\u67e5<\/td><td><code>Masscan<\/code> + <code>nmap<\/code> \u7ec6\u5316<\/td><td>Zmap<\/td><td>\u5fc5\u987b\u63a7\u5236\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u53cd\u5236<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u9700\u8981\u7cbe\u786eOS\u7248\u672c<\/td><td><code>nmap -O<\/code> \u7ed3\u5408 Banner\u6293\u53d6<\/td><td>p0f \u88ab\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b<\/td><td>\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u9700\u591a\u6e90\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u542c\u73af\u5883<\/td><td>\u914d\u7f6e\u7aef\u53e3\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>p0f<\/code> \u6216 <code>Zeek<\/code><\/td><td>\u65e0<\/td><td>\u65e0\u6cd5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5df2\u63a7\u4e3b\u673a\u5185\u7f51\u62d3\u5c55<\/td><td>\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u63a7\u4e3b\u673a\u6267\u884c <code>nmap<\/code> \u6216 PowerShell\u811a\u672c<\/td><td>\u65e0<\/td><td>\u6ce8\u610f\u89c4\u907fEDR\u68c0\u6d4b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u4e0e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nmap\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u6d4b\u8be6\u89e3 <a href=\"https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/osdetect.html \">https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/osdetect.html <\/a>\uff08\u672c\u65871.5\u8282Nmap\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u6e90\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Microsoft Learn\uff1aPowerShell TCP Socket\u7f16\u7a0b <a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/powershell\/scripting\/samples\/working-with-tcp-sockets?view=powershell-7.4 \">https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/powershell\/scripting\/samples\/working-with-tcp-sockets?view=powershell-7.4 <\/a>\uff08\u672c\u65871.5\u8282PowerShell\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u6e90\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6307\u5357-\u7f51\u7edc\u626b\u63cf <a href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/en-us\/red_hat_enterprise_linux\/9\/html\/configuring_and_managing_networking\/assembly_scanning-the-network-for-devices_configuring-and-managing-networking\">https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/en-us\/red_hat_enterprise_linux\/9\/html\/configuring_and_managing_networking\/assembly_scanning-the-network-for-devices_configuring-and-managing-networking<\/a> \uff08\u672c\u65872.5\u8282Linux\u626b\u63cf\u53c2\u8003\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>arp-scan GitHub\u5b98\u65b9\u4ed3\u5e93 <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/royhills\/arp-scan\">https:\/\/github.com\/royhills\/arp-scan<\/a> \uff08\u5de5\u5177\u5bf9\u6bd4\u53c2\u8003\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SANS Institute\uff1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u88ab\u52a8\u8d44\u4ea7\u53d1\u73b0\u6280\u672f\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\uff082026\u7248\uff09 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sans.org\/white-papers\/asset-discovery\/ \">https:\/\/www.sans.org\/white-papers\/asset-discovery\/ <\/a>\uff08\u7efc\u5408\u51b3\u7b56\u6307\u5357\u53c2\u8003\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf-\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf&amp;\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u5b89\u4fdd\u5347\u7ea7\u201d\u4efb\u52a1\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u7ed5\u7740\u5927\u697c\u8f6c\u4e00\u5708\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u54ea\u4e9b\u95e8\u7a97\u662f\u5f00\u7740\u7684\uff08\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u7740\u7684\u95e8\u540e\u9762\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u623f\u95f4\uff08\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u516c\u5f00\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u9605\u89c8\u5ba4\uff08Web\u670d\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5237\u5361\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u673a\u623f\uff08\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\uff09\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6478\u6e05\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f60\u624d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u9632\u5b88\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653b\u51fb\u8005\uff08\u6a21\u62df\u653b\u51fb\u65f6\uff09\u4f1a\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u4e0b\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u54b1\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4e3b\u7ebf\u5f88\u6e05\u6670\uff1a\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5f15\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6df1\u5165\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e0a\u624b\u5b9e\u64cd\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u5b66\u5b8c\u5c31\u80fd\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u5b83\u5230\u5e95\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\uff08\u4ece\u201c\u5c0f\u533a\u95e8\u7981\u201d\u8bf4\u8d77\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u521a\u642c\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5c0f\u533a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e1a\u4e3b\uff0c\u4f60\u6700\u5173\u5fc3\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\uff1a\u5c0f\u533a\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u51fa\u5165\u53e3\uff1f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95e8\u662f\u5e38\u5f00\u7684\u3001\u9700\u8981\u5237\u5361\u8fd8\u662f24\u5c0f\u65f6\u6709\u4fdd\u5b89\uff1f\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5e73\u65f6\u6ca1\u4eba\u8d70\u4f46\u4e5f\u6ca1\u9501\u7684\u6d88\u9632\u901a\u9053\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u5ea7\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u5927\u697c\u201d\u3002<strong>\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf&amp;\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong>\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6478\u6e05\u5bb6\u5e95\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u53bb\u63a2\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u54ea\u4e9b\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u95e8\u7a97\u201d\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95e8\u7a97\u540e\u9762\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u4e1a\u52a1\u201d\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6d88\u9664\u201c\u672a\u77e5\u8d44\u4ea7\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5f71\u5b50\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u7b49\u76f2\u533a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5b83\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5904\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1f\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u5982\u4f55\u534f\u4f5c\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u6027\u5904\u4e8e<strong>\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6<\/strong>\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mermaid \u56fe\u8868\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e-440x1024.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"440\" height=\"1024\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e-440x1024.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1733\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u56fe\u89e3<\/strong>\uff1a\u56fe\u4e2d\u9ad8\u4eae\u7684\u7c89\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u54b1\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u3002\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff08\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\uff09\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff08\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u201c\u6253\u51fb\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u3002\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u5668\uff08\u6bd4\u5982Nessus\u3001OpenVAS\uff09\u4f1a\u62ff\u7740\u8fd9\u4efd\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u53bb\u5339\u914d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e93\uff08CVE\uff09\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u518d\u5f80\u540e\uff0c\u6e17\u900f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4eba\u5458\u6216\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5229\u7528\u3002<strong>\u6ca1\u6709\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u50cf\u662f\u8499\u7740\u773c\u775b\u6253\u9776\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u5b83\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u5230\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e2a\u95e8\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u7740\uff0c\u4f1a\u8d70\u8fc7\u53bb\u63a8\u4e00\u4e0b\u8bd5\u8bd5\u3002\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6784\u9020\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u201c\u53cd\u5e94\u201d\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8eTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u4ee5\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684TCP\u534f\u8bae\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u201c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1 <code>SYN<\/code> \uff08\u540c\u6b65\u5e8f\u5217\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u95ee\u201c\u5728\u5417\uff1f\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de <code>SYN\/ACK<\/code> \uff08\u540c\u6b65\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u56de\u201c\u5728\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u542c\u5230\u6211\u5417\uff1f\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1 <code>ACK<\/code> \uff08\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u8bf4\u201c\u80fd\u542c\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u804a\u5929\u5427\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u5de5\u5177\u5c31\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u4e0d\u540c\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u6765\u63a8\u65ad\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u7c7b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5f00\u653e\uff08open\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u56de\u5e94\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5173\u95ed\uff08closed\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u53ef\u8fbe\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aRST\uff08\u91cd\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff08filtered\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88ab\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\u62e6\u622a\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6536\u5230\u65e0\u6cd5\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u626b\u63cf\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u201c\u7ed5\u8fc7\u201d\u9632\u5b88\u65b9\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u6574\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff08TCP Connect\u626b\u63cf\uff09\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cc\u7559\u4e0b\u5927\u91cf\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86<strong>\u534a\u8fde\u63a5\u626b\u63cf<\/strong>\uff08\u4e5f\u53ebSYN\u626b\u63cf\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u53d1\u9001<code>SYN<\/code>\u5305\uff0c\u6536\u5230<code>SYN\/ACK<\/code>\u5c31\u5224\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7acb\u523b\u53d1\u9001<code>RST<\/code>\u5305\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u65e2\u5feb\u53c8\u9690\u853d\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5de5\u5177\/\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bf4\u5230\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e1a\u754c\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u201c\u501a\u5929\u5251\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5c60\u9f99\u5200\u201d\u975e <strong>Nmap<\/strong> \u548c <strong>Masscan<\/strong> \u83ab\u5c5e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e2e\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6211\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u6574\u7406\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5de5\u5177<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u7f3a\u70b9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Nmap<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8be6\u5c3d<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6df1\u5ea6\u6316\u6398\u76ee\u6807\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u9700\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u8bc6\u522b\u3001OS\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u811a\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u63a2\u6d4b\u7684\u7cbe\u7ec6\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u4f5c<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u626b\u63cf\u8017\u65f6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Masscan<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u626b\u63cf\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u5feb<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5feb\u5730\u626b\u63cf\u5927\u91cfIP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8d44\u4ea7\u76d8\u70b9\u3001\u7d27\u6025\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u66b4\u9732\u7aef\u53e3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u529f\u80fd\u5355\u4e00\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6df1\u5ea6\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u6027\u80fd\u529b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u7528 <strong>Masscan<\/strong> \u5728\u5168\u7f51\u6216\u5927IP\u6bb5\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5feb\u901f\u201c\u6492\u7f51\u201d\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5f00\u4e86\u95e8\u7684\u201c\u5927\u697c\u201d\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u518d\u7528 <strong>Nmap<\/strong> \u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u7cbe\u626b\u201d\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u786e\u8ba4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u8dd1\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7248\u672c\u3002\u50cf\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u626b\u63cf\u7ec4\u7ec7SecurityScorecard\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u5178\u578b\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f + \u7b80\u5355\u53ef\u590d\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u624b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u7f51\u6bb5<code>192.168.1.0\/24<\/code>\u7684\u5de1\u68c0\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6309\u7167\u521a\u521a\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u4e24\u6b65\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u65b0\u63a5\u5165\u7684\u529e\u516c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6478\u6e05\u6240\u6709\u5728\u7ebf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1aMasscan\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u201c\u6d3b\u201d\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong><br>\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Masscan\u5feb\u901f\u626b\u63cf\u6574\u4e2aC\u6bb5\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Web\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u5728Kali Linux\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Masscan\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u626b\u63cf192.168.1.0\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u768480\u548c443\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u901f\u7387\u8bbe\u4e3a\u6bcf\u79d2500\u5305\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\nmasscan 192.168.1.0\/24 -p80,443 --rate=500 -oG masscan_results.grep<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>[\u6b64\u5904\u63d2\u5165\u771f\u5b9e\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u622a\u56fe]\uff1a\u622a\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230Masscan\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u9001SYN\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u73b0\u5f00\u653e\u7684IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201cDiscovered open port 80\/tcp on 192.168.1.10\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>192.168.1.0\/24<\/code>\uff1a\u76ee\u6807IP\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-p80,443<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u626b\u63cf80\u548c443\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>--rate=500<\/code>\uff1a\u6bcf\u79d2\u53d1\u9001500\u4e2a\u63a2\u6d4b\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u529e\u516c\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-oG masscan_results.grep<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5grepable\u683c\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u811a\u672c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1aNmap\u5bf9\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u6027\u201d<\/strong><br>\u5047\u8bbe\u4eceMasscan\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0<code>192.168.1.10<\/code>\u8fd9\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u5f00\u653e\u4e8680\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528Nmap\u7684<code>-sV<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u201c\u6572\u5f00\u95e8\u770b\u770b\u91cc\u9762\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u63a2\u6d4b\nnmap -sV -p80 192.168.1.10 -oN nmap_service_scan.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>[\u6b64\u5904\u63d2\u5165\u771f\u5b9e\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u622a\u56fe]\uff1a\u622a\u56fe\u4e2d\u5e94\u663e\u793aNmap\u626b\u63cf\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a \u201cPORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 80\/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.41 ((Ubuntu))\u201d \u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u201chttp\u201d\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd8\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u4e86\u201cApache httpd 2.4.41\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u201cUbuntu\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-sV<\/code>\uff1a<strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u7248\u672c\u63a2\u6d4b\u529f\u80fd\u3002Nmap\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5339\u914d\u6307\u7eb9\u5e93\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ed9\u51fa\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-p80<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u53ea\u626b\u63cf80\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-oN nmap_service_scan.txt<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u6807\u51c6\u683c\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u4e86\u201cApache httpd 2.4.41\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u523b\u5c31\u80fd\u53bbCVE\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e93\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u641c\u7d22\u201cApache httpd 2.4.41 vulnerability\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7cbe\u786e\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u89c6\u89d2<\/strong>\uff1a\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u521a\u521a\u6211\u4eec\u6f14\u793a\u7684\u662f\u6388\u6743\u626b\u63cf\u3002<strong>\u5728\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8fdd\u6cd5\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u8fdd\u80cc\u300a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6cd5\u300b<\/strong>\u3002\u52a1\u5fc5\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u62e5\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e66\u9762\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u642d\u5efa\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u626b\u63cf\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08IDS\uff09\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u524d\u5146\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u7684\u5751\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u7684\u5751<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u901f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5feb\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u762b\u75ea\u6216\u88ab\u5c01IP<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Masscan\u65f6\u5982\u679c<code>--rate<\/code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<code>--rate=100000<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u77ac\u95f4\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5360\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fDDoS\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c01\u9501\u4f60\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u76f2\u76ee\u76f8\u4fe1\u5355\u4e00\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\uff1a\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u865a\u5047\u7684\u201c\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8ff7\u60d1\u626b\u63cf\u5668\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u67d0\u4e9bIPS\uff08\u5165\u4fb5\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u626b\u63cf\u7aef\u53e3\u90fd\u8fd4\u56de<code>SYN\/ACK<\/code>\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4Nmap\u62a5\u544a\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u90fd\u5f00\u653e\u3002\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8bef\u5224\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5ffd\u7565UDP\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u53ea\u626bTCP\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u952e\u670d\u52a1\u5982DNS\uff08\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7aef\u53e353\uff09\u3001SNMP\uff08\u7b80\u5355\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3161\uff09\u662f\u8dd1\u5728UDP\u4e0a\u7684\u3002UDP\u626b\u63cf\uff08<code>-sU<\/code>\uff09\u7531\u4e8e\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u6162\u4e14\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7531\u5feb\u5230\u6162\uff0c\u7531\u5e7f\u5230\u7cbe<\/strong>\uff1a\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u9762\u6f14\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u5148Masscan\u5feb\u626b\uff0c\u518dNmap\u7cbe\u626b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6000\u7591\u6709\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u201c\u8df3\u677f\u673a\u201d\u518d\u6b21\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u6b21\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7528<code>nc -vz 192.168.1.10 80<\/code>\u6765\u624b\u52a8\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u771f\u5b9e\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8eNmap\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5de5\u5177\u8fde\u63a5\u786e\u8ba4\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u9488\u5bf9HTTP\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u6216\u4f7f\u7528<code>curl -I http:\/\/192.168.1.10<\/code>\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u8fd4\u56de\u7684<code>Server<\/code>\u5934\u662f\u5426\u4e0eNmap\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u5efa\u8bae<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u62ff\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4e0e<strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e93<\/strong>\u8054\u52a8\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0<code>192.168.1.10<\/code>\u7684Apache\u7248\u672c\u662f<code>2.4.41<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u523b\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<code>searchsploit apache 2.4.41<\/code>\uff08\u5728Kali Linux\u4e2d\uff09\u6216\u5728NVD\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6240\u6709CVE\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u6210\u529f\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u4e86\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u672c\u6a21\u5757\u51b3\u7b56\u6307\u5357<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u7684Nmap\u8fdb\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u6027\uff08-sV\uff09\uff1f<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u51e0\u5341\u53f0\u6838\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b89\u5168\u8bc4\u4f30\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u5b89\u5168\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u786e\u5207\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc1\u636e\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u505a\u6e17\u900f\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bfb\u627e\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7248\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5229\u7528\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\uff08\u5982\u4ec5\u7528Masscan\uff09\u5c31\u591f\u7528\u4e86\uff1f<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5f53\u4f60\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6216\u8d85\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684IPv6\u5730\u5740\u6bb5\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u7edf\u8ba1\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\u5f00\u653e\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u5355\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f53\u4f60\u53ea\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u672a\u6388\u6743\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5982\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09\u7684\u201c\u523a\u5934\u201d\u4e3b\u673a\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u6700\u5feb\u901f\u5ea6\u5224\u65ad\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u6269\u6563\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a0d\u540e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u628a\u626b\u63cf\u6bd4\u4f5c\u9493\u9c7c\uff0cMasscan\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u5f20\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7f51\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u62c9\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e2a\u6c60\u5858\uff08IP\uff09\u5927\u6982\u6709\u9c7c\uff08\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\uff1b\u800cNmap\u5219\u662f\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u9c7c\u7684\u6c60\u5858\u8fb9\uff0c\u67b6\u4e0a\u9c7c\u7aff\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u4e0a\u94a9\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u9c7c\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5927\uff08\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6bd2\uff08\u6f5c\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff09\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u4e0e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nmap.org\/book\/man.html\">Nmap\u5b98\u65b9\u624b\u518c\uff08man page\uff09<\/a> &#8211; \u6700\u6743\u5a01\u3001\u6700\u5168\u9762\u7684Nmap\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u6709Nmap\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5747\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/robertdavidgraham\/masscan\">Masscan GitHub\u4ed3\u5e93<\/a> &#8211; Masscan\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\u7801\u548c\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u5f02\u6b65\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manageengine.com\/products\/oputils\/what-is-port-scanning.html\">\u5b89\u5168\u626b\u63cf101\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u57fa\u7840\uff08ManageEngine\u535a\u5ba2\uff09<\/a> &#8211; \u4e00\u7bc7\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u7ea7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u8bed\u8a00\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u6b64\u6587\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pluralsight.com\/labs\/aws\/scanning-a-host-with-nmap\">Pluralsight\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Nmap\u626b\u63cf\u4e3b\u673a<\/a> &#8211; \u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u64cd\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u52a8\u624b\u7ec3\u4e60\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.npc.gov.cn\/npc\/c30834\/201611\/270b43e8b9e247efb3c97657e3b9a5d7.shtml\">\u300a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6cd5\u300b<\/a> &#8211; \u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7ea2\u7ebf\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u626b\u63cf\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf-\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf&amp;IP\u8d44\u4ea7 \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u4e3a\u4f55\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0eIP\u8d44\u4ea7\u5f00\u59cb \u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u521a\u63a5 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-text"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1727","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1727"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1727\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1734,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1727\/revisions\/1734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.preluna.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}